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SUMMARY OF AUTUMN FLOWERS. 



[I.— GKOUPS AND OEDERS.] 

 EXOGENOUS PLANTS or DICOTYLEDONS. 



Leaves with netted veins. Flowers usually quinary — the 

 parts in fives, or quaternary — the parts in fours. Embryos 

 with two (rarely more) cotyledons ; hence dicotyledonous. 



Thalamiflores : Polypetalous dichlamydeous plants, with 

 the petals distinct (separable) from the calyx, and the stamens 

 hypogynous ; Orders numbered 1 to 7. 



* Ovary apocarpous. 



1. Ranunculaceous plants — herbs or climbing shrubs ; stamens 



indefinite, inserted on the receptacle. 



** Ovary syncarpous. 

 t Placentas parietal (i. e. seeds attached to sides of carpels). 

 X Stamens six, united in two sets. 



2. Pumariaceous plants — herbs ; flowers very irregular, with 



two sepals and four petals. 



XX Stamens tetradynamous, distinct. 



3. Cruciferous plants — herbs ; flowers regular, of four sepals and 



four petals, arranged crosswise. 



tt Placentas axile fi. e. seeds attached to axis of carpels). 

 X Flowers regular. 

 § Sepals overlapping at the edge (imbricate) . 

 II Ovary one-celled; stamens distinct. 



4. Caryophyllaceous plants — herbs ; leaves opposite, undivided, 



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