THE BROAD-SCLEROPHYLL VEGETATION OF CALIFORNIA. 113 



APPENDIX. 



ANNOTATED LIST OF BROAD-SCLEROPHYLLS AND ACCOMPANYING 



SPECIES. 



In listing the species which make up the broad-sclerophyll vegeta- 

 tion of CaUfornia, a separation into groups will be convenient. The 

 first great division is into dominants and secondary species; both 

 classes may conveniently be subdivided. 



THE DOMINANTS. 



Under this head I would include all the true forest and brush- 

 forming species — those which give to the type its characteristic 

 physiognomy. Although the majority are strikingly similar in 

 ecological character, they present great floristic diversity. The 

 first two lists include 74 broad-sclerophylls, representing 23 genera 

 and 13 families. In all lists species restricted to the Californian 

 islands have been excluded. Another group of broad-sclerophylls, 

 mentioned in the last chapter, comprises the half-dozen species 

 which form an important part of the undergrowth of the northwestern 

 conifer forests. These are Berberis nervosa Pursh, Pachystima 

 myrsinites Raf., Rhododendron californicum Hook., Gaultheria shallon 

 Pursh, and Vaccinium ovatutn Pursh. 



The following list includes all the species that are of importance 

 in the composition of the broad-sclerophyll forest. They are few 

 in number, and most are of wide range within the Californian region. 

 Some are themselves not broad-sclerophylls, but are deciduous; 

 these have been grouped together at the end of the list. A number 

 of the species, too, when growing in relatively unfavorable situations, 

 take the shrub form and in some cases are more important thus than 

 as trees. In a few instances the shrubby form has been separated 

 by taxonomists as a variety. 



List I. — Arborescent Species. 

 EVERGREEN. 



1. Myrica calif omica Chamisso. Wax myrtle. Immediate coastal region from Puget 

 Sound to Los Angeles County. Of subordinate importance as a forest tree. 



2. Castanopsis chrysophylla (Hook.) A. DC. Golden chinquapin. As a forest tree it 

 occurs in western Oregon and in the mountains of northwestern California southward to 

 Mendocino County. In the latter region it is a member of the mixed broad-sclerophyll- 

 conif er forest. It is also frequently associated with the redwood. Var. minor A. DC. is a 

 shrub closely resembling C. sempervirens (see No. 17). It is characteristic of the Coast 

 Ranges, extending southward to Monterey, while C. sempernrens belongs rather to the 

 Sierras. It is a frequent member of the conifer forest chaparral in the north Coast Ranges, 

 and appears also in the climax chaparral. 



3. Qxiercus agrifolia Nee. Coast live oak. Outer Coast Ranges and valleys near the 

 coast, from Mendocino County to Mount San Pedro Martir in Lower California. The 

 most important live oak, and probably the most important of the genus, within its range. 

 Covers hillsides, especially north-facing slopes, with dense forest; also commonly in open 

 park-like growth in valleys of the coast range; in such places attaining its largest size, and 

 frequently associated with Q. lobata. Almost invariably tree-like in form, the only notable 

 exceptions being the bushy contorted specimens in exposed situations near the shore. 



