478 BUFFALO LAND. 



ally cost relatively more. The items of expense are herding, 

 branding, and salt — nothing for feed." 



THE CATTLE-HIVE OF NORTH AMERICA. 



In this connection we may very properly quote from the 

 same writer the following paragraph in regard to the source 

 from whence all the cattle are now brought — that great 

 natural breeding ground, the prairie land of Texas. 



" Texas is truly the cattle-hive of North America. While 

 New York, with her 4,000,000 inhabitants, and her settle- 

 ments two and a half centuries old, has 748,000 oxen and 

 stock cattle ; while Pennsylvania, with more than 3,000,000 

 people, has 721,000 cattle; while Ohio, with 3,000,000 peo- 

 ple, has 749,000 cattle; while Illinois, with 2,800,000 people, 

 has 867,000 cattle; and while Iowa, with 1,200,000 people, 

 has 686,000 cattle; Texas, forty years of age, and with her 

 500,000 people, had 2,000,000 head of oxen and other cattle, 

 exclusive of cows, in 1867, as shown by the returns of the 

 county assessors. 



" In 1870, allowing for the difference between the actual 

 number of cattle owned and the number returned for taxa- 

 tion, there must be fully 3,000,000 head of beeves and stock 

 rattle. This is exclusive of cows, which, at the same time, 

 are reported at 600,000 head. In 1870 they must number 

 800,000— making a grand total of 3,800,000 head of cattle in 

 Texas. One-fourth of these are beeves, one-fourth are cows, 

 and the other two-fourths are yearlings and two-year olds. 



There would, therefore, be 950,000 beeves, 950,000 cows, 

 and 1,900,000 young cattle. There are annually raised and 



