California Agriculturist and Live Stock Journal. 



from the horses, and if allowed they eat it 

 greedily; and the effect is that their milk and 

 butter will be tainted with the taste of this 

 kind of food, in the same way that the flavor 

 is injured by eating turnips, 'but to a more 

 disagreeable degree. If litter is allowed to 

 be eaten, it should be given to cattle not in 

 milk, and on no account should milch cows 

 be allowed to consume other than the swoet- 

 est and purest food. Very nice butter-makera 

 are sometimes at a loss to account for stable 

 taints in butter, especially when extraordinary 

 precautions have been taken to have the milk- 

 ing done in the most perfect manner, and so 

 on in all the processes of handling the milk 

 until the butter is packed for market. Still, 

 the butter has a disagreeable taint, and the 

 cause often oomes from allowing the cows, 

 when turned out to water and exercise, to feed 

 about the horse-stable, where they consume 

 all the litter which, on account of its being 

 soaked with liquid manure, is cast out of the 

 stable. — Mural Jfew Yorker. 



Bdttek Ptoduct of a. Shokt-Hoen Heifee. 

 —In looking over your paper from week to 

 week any one would suppose that the Jersey 

 cows were ahead of all other breeds in the 

 State for making butter. I think it is a great 

 error. I think there are other breeds that 

 will make more butter on less provender and 

 give more milk than the Jerseys, and make 

 butter of as good quality. I have a thorough- 

 bred Short-horn cow, four years old last 

 March, that made in one week last January 

 eleven and three-fourths pounds of as nice 

 butter as was ever produced by a Jersey cow. 

 It was but seven minutes churning by the 

 clock. Her feed was but four quarts of 

 shorts per day, and as much good hay as she* 

 would eat. If any one has a Jersey heifer 

 three years old or past that wiU beat this I 

 would like to purchase )iex.~M. L. WUdar in 

 Maine Eanner. 



High Farming in England and its Ee- 

 SULTS.— At the monthly Farmers' Club meet- 

 ing, held during the Smithfield show week, 

 in London, the Canada Farmer says, the sub- 

 ject under discussion being, "The Future of 

 Farming," Alderman Mechi said, that on his 

 own farm, and many others which he could 

 name, the amount of produce was such that 

 ho was convinced that if the whole of the 

 land of England was farmed as it ought to ha, 

 taking the present rite of consumption, not 

 one-half of the produce could be consumed, 

 supposing there were no foreign importation 

 whatever. At which the farmers present 

 laughed immoderately. The alderman contin- 

 ued and said ho could produce plenty of men 

 connected with Norfolk and Lincolnshire who 

 would bear out that statement. " If the far- 

 mers of England, as a bodv, produced what 

 was produced by some of the farmers of those 

 two counties, the peojjle of this country 

 would not, at the present rate of consump- 

 tion, consume oue-half of the total, without 

 any foreign importation." The report does 

 not state whether the laughter was repeated. 



Stpdying Latin.— a good story is told of 

 an old farmer whose sou had for a long time 

 been ostensibly studying Latin in a popul.ir 

 academy. The farmer not being perfectly 

 satisfied with the course and conduct of the 

 young hopeful, recalled him from school and 

 placing him by the side of a cart one d,av 

 thus addressed him : " Now, Joseph, here "is 

 a fork and there is a heap of manure and a 

 cart; what do you call them in Latin?" 



"Porkibus, oartibus, et manuribus," said 

 Joseph. 



"Well, now," said the old man, " if you 

 don t take that forkibus pretty quickibus, and 

 pitch that manunbus into that cartibus I'll 

 break your cussed lazy backibus." Joseph 

 went to workibus forthwithibus. 



*-♦-•- 



Fowls moult in August and September, 

 inen take good care of them. 



®hc p0V0e» 



^Something About Draft Horses. 



CORRESPONDENT of the National 

 Lire tjtocic Journal gives a little history 

 of draft horses in Ills., that must be 

 encouraging to breeders of such stock 

 elsewhere : 



The race horse is the gentleman among 

 horses, and the draft horse the laborer. (The 

 laborer makes the money, and the gentleman 

 spends It.) We found that our horses were 

 too near all so-called gentleman horses, and 

 we had too few laboring horses, and that the 

 business of the country demanded stronger 

 draft horses. 



In about the year 1843, Col. Oakley im- 

 ported Hanqmm, a large draft horse of Euglish 

 or Belgian stock, into Central Illinois (Taze- 

 well county.) Sampson was a very large, logy 

 draft, horse, weighing from twenty to twenty- 

 two hundred pounds. He was so large, that 

 It was with difficulty that the farmers could 

 persuade themselves to risk the extreme cross 

 on their small mares ; but they did risk it, 

 and his stock was disseminated largely all 

 through that part of the State, and proved a 

 great success. Before the stock of the imp 

 Sampson was lost sight of, the imp, Louis 

 Napoleon, a draft horse of Norman or French 

 blood, made his appearance in the same local- 

 ity (Tazewell county), in about the year 1855. 

 He gained a large reputixtion as a stock horse, 

 and he and his descendants were used largely 

 for a number of years in the different counties 

 of TazeweU, Woodford, McLean and LaSalle. 

 The stock of Louis Napoleon proved of such 

 excellence that it opened up an active trade, 

 not only in this country, but even in Franco, 

 England, Scotland and Belgium, and within 

 the past six years caused the importation of 

 hundreds of draft horses from the above- 

 named countries into the State of Illinois 

 alone, placing this State second to no other 

 State in the Union in valuable horses, either 

 for the farm or the markets. We have more 

 than once heard the remark made in Chicago, 

 "Why do the Eastern horse dealers always 

 make such a bee line for Ottawa" (lils.)? 

 Why because old Louis Napoleon made his ap- 

 pearance in La Salle county in the year 185y. 

 The different strains of draft horses that have 

 gained such favor with the public, have stood 

 purely on their own merits ; their dissemina- 

 tion IS not due to any advice or influence 

 given through agricultural papers. Neither 

 did the agricultural fairs show them favor, 

 until their own merits first placed them high- 

 ly in favor with the public. The more jiopu- 

 lar strains of draft horses now so rapidly im- 

 porting into Illinois and other States are the 

 Norman or French horse, the Scotch Clyde, 

 the English (b-aft, and the Belgian ; the Nor- 

 man or French largely predominating in 

 numbers. 



It would seem that the necessary weight in 

 the ilraft horse has been reached. The weight 

 of eighteen to twenty hundred pounds has 

 become more the rule than the exception 

 among the draft horses now being imported 

 into this country. The draft horse is already 

 bred up to a high state of perfection, yet we 

 can further improve them by carefully and 

 judiciously breeding for more action, with a 

 more combined muscular power and beauty 

 of style. 



Colors and QnALiTiEs.— I find horses of 

 dark chestnut, true bay and dark brown 

 colors, to be more free from disease than 

 those of other shades, and I hold them up in 

 the front rank for the general quahtications 

 of speed, stamina, docility, size and beauty of 

 conformation. Color itself does not m'ake 

 the difference, but it is caused by the peculiar 

 organization which makes these colors. 

 Among the light chestnuts— erroneously 

 called sorrels— are to be found nine-tenths o"f 



skittish, balky horses and those with other 

 unpleasant qualities so much feared and ob- 

 jected to. Black horses have more faulty 

 eyes and feet than other colors, according to 

 my observations. The various dapple-greys 

 are much more hablo to warts than horses of 

 other colors. 



Still I have seen in horses of all colors 

 qualities to be admired and to be rejected. 

 Among the "buckskins," the various shades 

 of cream, and the spotted, we often find pow- 

 ers of endurance, and sometimes speed, which 

 are somewhat astonishing. These shades arc 

 not fashionable, however, and therefore not 

 marketable. Still the old saying is true : "A 

 good horse is seldom of a bad color," I still 

 adhere to my former opinion, that the dark 

 chestnut, true bay and dark brown are the 

 colors to perpetuate in breeding, as in them 

 we have all the requisites of endurance, 

 speed, size, docility and fashion, which fill 

 the whole bill as to our needs or requirements 

 in a horse. W. Home, Comiiry GetiUemam. 



What To Do With a Dead Horse.— Sever- 

 al agricultural papers reccommend cutting up 

 and converting into manure by covering with 

 lime and earth. But it is our opinion that 

 feeding the flesh to chickens is the most 

 profitable way of disposing of dead horses, 

 dead cattle etc. What is not needed at once 

 or while it can be kept fresh for the purpose, 

 should be cut into strips and dried. In this 

 condition it can be stored away in sacks ; and 

 a little of it chopped fine every day or two 

 will do much towards increasing the egg 

 product. A fair sized horse is worth $5 to 

 $10 for this purpose, besides trouble of haul- 

 ing and cutting up, drying, etc. 



Agriculture at the Centennial. 



The value of the farms and farm machin- 

 ery, the farm products, and the live stock of 

 the United States, roll up an aggregate of 

 over thirteen thousand million dollars, while 

 the total of the products of our manufactories 

 (less the materials employed) and the capital 

 invested in them is less than four thousand 

 million dollars. To fitly present character- 

 istic specimens, drawn from and fully illus- 

 trating this enormous industry of our land, 

 is the duty that devolves upon the agricultur- 

 al department of the Centennial. The rep- 

 resentatives of the ninety million of horses, 

 cattle, sheep and swine noted in the census 

 of 1870, will alone constitute such a grand dis- 

 play as will be worthy of attention ; and it 

 might be well to mention just here that one 

 club proposes to exhibit three hundred speci- 

 mens of neat cattle. The attractiveness of 

 the agricultural exhibit and the disposition 

 to contribute to it, will be recognized when 

 we state that, out of the 12,500,000 persons 

 engaged in all classes of occupations in the 

 United States, 5,922,000, or neariy one-half, 

 are engaged in agriculture. 



The trades and industries, too, that minis- 

 ter and are subordinate to the agricultural in- 

 terests of our country, swell the aggregate 

 seeking space for display in the area set apart 

 for this department. With these few figures, 

 (drawn from the census of 1870) in mind, we 

 may imagine how great a proportion of the 

 visitors will be attracted to the farmers' show 

 the Centennial Exhibition be peculiarly at- 

 tractive to our own citizens, but, as we are 

 best known abroad by our agricultural pro- 

 ductions, so we may anticipate that of the 

 foreigners who visit us in 1870, the specialty 

 whicii \vill call the greatest number of them 

 to Philadelphia will be the agricultural. — 

 Fhiladelphia Fress. 



— «-•-• 



The New Haven Register says : " Henry 

 Bassett, of Hamden, to-day exhibited at our 

 oflice an egg, laid on his farm by a Cochin 

 Partridge hen measuring 13 inches in cir- 



mference and 8 in diameter." 



