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California Agriculturist and Live Stock Journal, 



are not taught at home, and taught by 

 example as well ns by precept what is 

 noble and right, that they so often go 

 astray. But even if there Is some excuse 

 for a son not turning out well, there is 

 hardly any in the case of a daughter. 

 Bring up the girl to be a good wife and 

 mother; give her the solid acquirements 

 that will enable her to fill those posi- 

 tions properly, and she will make her- 

 self and others happy. But devote too 

 much time to mere accomplishments, and 

 you render her vain and frivolous. Of 

 course, a girl ought to know how to attract 

 as well as how to keep; how to win love 

 as well as to retain it. Do not, there- 

 fore, make her too prosaic. But on the 

 other hand, remember that accomplish- 

 ments are not everythaug. 



C-Jii 



icuk; 



HOW I TREATED MY BABY IN 

 DIPHTHERIA. 



BY "JEWELL." 



Y/fV URS was a very bad and dangerous 

 ' case. The baby, oul}' seven mouths 

 old, when first taken with sore 

 throat was feverish and fretful. A 

 hot bath, Hanuels about the throat, 

 and a day of qiiiet and careful nursing — 

 keeping him as comfortable as possible — 

 seemed to break up all symptoms, and 

 the little one appeared well. A change of 

 weather, and the little fellow took a se- 

 vere cold, and three days after, the diph- 

 theria in a most violent form — a relapse 

 — was the result. 



Even now I tremble as I recall the 

 days and nights of anxiety and watching, 

 — yes, and prayer, too — for guidance to 

 apply remedies best suited to the symp- 

 toms, and in this way save my darling's 

 life! Having been successful in one of 

 the worst cases, complicated with inflam- 

 mation of the lungs, I feel it a duty to 

 tell other mothers, that they may do 

 likewise, in case of like disease, and save 

 the lives of their children, perhaps, for 

 few doctors are successful in the treat- 

 ment of diptheiria, and everythuig de- 

 pends upon the careful, discreet nursing 

 of the mothers, after all. 



To begin with, watch your children 

 closely, and if the throat begins to swell 

 or the glands behind the ears, and under 

 the jaw, apply hot fomentations of salt 

 water. 



A THROAT WEAPPEB 



Of flannel, made by sewing one or more 

 square pieces of thick flannel to a longer 

 piece, so as to go about the neck in the 

 form of an apron is an excellent thing. 

 Under this you can ajjply either cold or 

 hot as the case may be. Two are needed 

 that one may always be dry. In foment- 

 ing use flannel wrung out of hot water. 

 By placing a towel outside the wet cloth 

 you will find your bands will not come 

 in contact witn the heat as you wring it 

 and it can be wrung much drj'er. It is 

 not the moisture so much as the heal and 

 steam that we want. In cold applications 

 use old linen — wring dry, and apply fre- 

 quently — of very cold water. 



iSee thai tlw fed and liands are kept warm 

 — give a hot bath (103°) once a day, 

 and if there is much general fever, a 

 sponge oil' under the clothing with tepid 

 water is very refreshing. 



Don't fail to give the child, or even a 

 ntirsing baby, ptenly and frerpieid drinks 

 of cold imtet . My baby preferred water, 

 ice water at that, to the breast, and when 

 I could hear the phlegm rattling in the 

 throat and a difficulty of breathing, I 

 would put a piece of ice in his mouth, 

 which would gag him and mako him 



throw up. Be ready then to take all the 

 mucus out of the mouth with the finger, 

 as infants have a tendency to swallow 

 everything in the mouth. A very good 

 gargle is made of borax water, salt water 

 or chloride of potassia water, with one-, 

 half glycerine. Make a swab of soft 

 linen, tied on the end of a penholder or 

 stick, and after swabbing the throat oui 

 every two hours or so, rinse the swab in 

 fresh cold water before putting back in 

 the gargle mixture — no matter if a little 

 is swallowed. 



CojiipHcatioits of various kinds mil occur. 

 Retaining the urine, or painful urination, 

 is one, for which use hot fomentations 

 over the bladder, or dry hot flannels, are 

 good — also, use a tea made of steeped 

 watermelon seeds, which is simple and 

 eft'fCtive. 



I would be impossible to enumerate all 

 the symptoms of diphtheria in this arti- 

 cle, as they vary according to the condi- 

 tion of the patient; but most mothers 

 can read the symptoms in their little 

 ones if they will be watchful, and a very 

 safe way to do is to give a Jiol balk, no 

 matter what ails the little one, and next 

 an injection of tepid water, thus freeing 

 the skin and bowels, then wait and see 

 what symptoms follow. Keep tlie chihl 

 quiet and let it sleep all it loill. For two 

 weeks we did not speak aloud where our 

 baby was. Keep the ieiiiperatare even, 

 about 70 ° , night and day, though have 

 abundance of fresh air wilhoid draughts 

 in the apartment. 



Let there be but one mirse, and plenty of 

 assistants, that she may be waited on, and 

 be able to sleep when the patient sleeps. 

 Above all, keep up good courage and 

 have faith. Re)neniher, drugs do nol save 

 life — it is good nursing and care. The 

 best of physicians admit this. 



When the fever was finally broken, the 

 perfect prostration was like unto death 

 in appearance. An abundance of pure 

 air, warm clothing and wrapijing, keep- 

 ing the feet and hands warm, and allow- 

 ing the child to rest, was all we could do 

 — all that was then necessary. Aiding 

 nature, by making all conditions as fa- 

 vorable us possible, is proper treatment 

 in auy case. Depend upon good treat- 

 ment, not medicines, and there will be 

 much less danger of loss of life from any 

 class of diseases. 



1776 — "Farmer at the plow, wife milk- 

 ing the cow, daughter spinning yarn, son 

 threshing in the barn, all happy to a 

 charm." — 1876 — "Farmer goes to see a 

 show, daughter at the piano, Madame 

 gaily dressed in satin, all the boys learn- 

 ing Latin, with a mortgage on the farm." 



■Work has commenced on a canal 

 thirty miles long and VU) feet wide, for 

 irrigation and navigation south of Tu- 

 lare Lake. The grade is to be an inch 

 pnd a half to the mile, but halt an inch 

 would be much better for the preserva- 

 tion of the banks in a soil of sandy 

 loam. It is to irrigate 60,000 acres of 

 land, and is to cost $150,000. There 

 are few places where so many acres can 

 be irrigated at so little expense. 



The results of irrigation along the 

 Fresno river near Borden have been 

 satisfactory in the highest degree, and 

 tend to prove the wisdom of the policy 

 of flooding the land with water in the 

 winter season, when the rain fall^ are 

 light. It is the belief of farmers who 

 note results carefully that the system of 

 irrigation is gradually working a change 

 In the climate, by producing heavy dews 

 at night and adding to the moisture of 

 the atmosphere throughout tlie dry sea- 

 son. 



FAMILIAR talks—No. 2. 



BY M. E. T. 



"out of the wilderness." 



i/^ELL, here is hope at last," said 

 Annie, lifting her tired hands, 



r,., and emphasizing her words by a 

 ' ^ downward thud on the open 

 pages of the Agriculturist. 

 Poor child, she had been working hard 

 all day, and was just then enjoying a 

 momentary rest. 



"Yes," I said wearily, and sought for 

 myself a more comfortable jjosition on 

 the lounge, " is it some sure and speedy 

 cure for diptheria?" for I was verj'siek 

 and had a bad sore throat, and was con- 

 sequently thinking more of that than 

 anything else. For answer, she read 

 me from Luip's pen January njindjer, 

 " To Toil and to Spin," and, in conclu- 

 sion, she said: 



"I shall certainly call into exercise 

 this wonderful power of which, at pres- 

 ent, I am so ignorantly possessed. I 

 hope the editor, for the sake of suft'ering 

 humanit}', will permit our friend to tell 

 us how this great remedy is made practi- 

 cal. I am only twenty and already gray 

 hairs are found on mj' head — hairs that 

 'cari^iug cares, baffled hopes and chilled 

 aspirations' have whitened before their 

 time." 



The door opened and shut. I heard 

 click of dinner dishes, and knew that the 

 the tired hands were again busy. My 

 thoughts ran back over the dear child's 

 life, so kind, so patient and true. I 

 thought of her cherished hopes and de- 

 sires, of her consuming thirst for knowl- 

 edge, of her love for everything beautiful, 

 her lofty ideas and sensitive nature, and 

 I did not wonder that the signs of war- 

 fare were visible, fighting as she does 

 against such mighty odds, and still this 

 brave girls says, "I thank God that I am 

 what I am," and goes on working and 

 struggling and hoping. 



That these things are all right and best 

 I know not; but I do know that uncon- 

 trollable circumstances are shading a 

 thousand brows to-daj', no doubt many 

 of them young and fair, while we are 

 jjowerless to direct them, simply because 

 we can see from but one stand-point, and 

 that one our own. Then I think we all 

 know that children must suft'er for the 

 sins of their parents. My pitying heart 

 tells me that there are hundreds of fair 

 Southern maidens, bright in intellect, 

 whose prospects are blighted through no 

 fault of theirs. 



Go back through generations and let 

 history show who thrust the curse of 

 slavery upon our fair laud. No doubt, 

 had slave labor been profitable in nor- 

 thern States, we should to-day be equally 

 guilty. While I thank God day and 

 night that such a wicked practice no 

 longer exists, I can feel in my heart only 

 pity for those Southern people who have 

 yet to learn what our N<u'thern people 

 are bred and burn to, viz: to help them- 

 selves; but so far as I know I think our 

 Southern sisters are doing wonderfully, 

 and we should love to anl them through 

 our advice and longer experience. It is 

 time that onvy and malice wero buried 

 forever out of sight. 



As to "drudges" and ways of looking 

 at hot'ischohl work, there seems to be 

 very muddled up opinions concerning 

 them that are more or less distressing to 

 women everywhere, both North and 

 South, East and West. But of course 

 those who can bring to bear the greatest 

 amount of common .smsc in dealing with 



the realities of life, are surest of settling 

 matters to best advantage. 



UP-COUNTRY LETTERS— NO. I O, 



BY BACHEL A. ELY. 

 A LECTURE TO MOTHERS. 



Back to the noise and confusion of the 

 city — to the smoke, dust, smells and fogs 

 that so many hundred endure daily and 

 know it not, never think of the sweet 

 mountain air, gay singing birds and 

 elastic, untrodden grass, for carpets. 

 Poor souls! how my heart aches for 

 such. And another Summer, if my feet 

 stray mountain-ward, I trust my feeble 

 pen-sketches may so arouse the souls 

 within my readers, that they, too, will 

 prefer the pure, mountain air to the sti- 

 fling atmosphere of the many haunts of 

 pleasure-seekers, where the " society 

 ways" destroy the germ of good that 

 might come to poor, tired humanity, 

 were it allowed. Here l^t me ask, why 

 the masses so resemble a floek of sheep? 

 If one goes to the seaside or springs, 

 croicrfe go. One has a pin-back skirt, 

 and forthwith dozens appear clad in like 

 manner. Men are less imitative, and 

 yet how many smoke or drink merely 

 because others do'? and the long or short 

 coats, tight or loose pants, are but evi- 

 dences of a soft spot in their heads, in- 

 herited, it may be, from their mothers! 

 How necessary for each to set a good ex- 

 ample, kno-ning the human preference 

 for evil to good — and how especially, so 

 that mothers should, as their example 

 will live to the third or fourth genera- 

 tion. Poor mothers! tired, weary, anx- 

 ious, overburdened mothers! Every- 

 where you see them, and yet I would add 

 one more straw to their load, hoping it 

 may break the back, and so free them 

 from the rest — from burdens that are 

 useless and hurtful, and come through 

 ignorance of the true life, and pursuit 

 of happiness for self and family. The 

 greatest burden comes from unselfishness 

 on the part of the mother. Let me ex- 

 plain: She takes the hardest tasks on 

 herself, to save husband and children; 

 all care and responsibility, all dirty, dis- 

 agreeable work is her share, while hus- 

 band, finding home cares few and wife 

 never fit nor able to go out, takes one 

 of the girls, or a lady friend, or worse 

 still, goes alone to lecture, concert or 

 club. The children stoutly decline to 

 help, thinking drudgery is mother's work 

 and company is only for them, and their 

 part of the house and themselves must 

 be in better order than the kitchen, and 

 mother; and finally a feeling of disre- 

 spect grows up for the dearest friend, 

 their, mother, simply because she can 

 not satisfy their souls and stomachs 

 too! Poor soul, how can she, when her 

 hands are full to overflowing with house- 

 work; her head as full of cooking and 

 summer and winter sewing as it can be. 



And here is what I want mothers to 

 do: Set the young folks a good example, 

 by planninq the work, setting the young 

 h .nds to execute it. Mothers could 

 thus keep themselves fresh and hand- 

 some, so that the husband will not be 

 able to find a pleasanter companion nor 

 the young folks a more instructive one, 

 and she can be a companion to not 

 alone her own children, but to the visi- 

 tors coming to the house, so that no 

 game nor amusement will bo complete 

 without Mothtr and Father take part in 

 it. Mothers, try it. Believe me, it will 

 keep you old folks young, and the young 

 folks steady. 



Let your children find you an agreea- 

 ble companion ever, and ready to sym- 

 pathize dnd counsel in their troubles, 

 and you will see them ever ready to give 



