August, 1902. 



CACTACEAE. 



Many people who have been acquaint- 

 ed only with the prickly pear and the 

 cholla cactus of the plains — perhaps 

 to the detriment of their epidermis, will 

 be surprised to learn that over one 

 thousand valid species exist, to which 

 more than three thousand names have 

 been applied by botanists and horti- 

 culturists. 



The following is a nearly complete 

 list of known species, and a lew syno- 

 nyms are also given. Descriptions of all 

 will be published eventually we hope, 

 but this contains much never published, 

 at least in English, and in this form will 

 be useful to many. 



Tribe ECHINOCACTEAE. 



Calyx tube produced beyond the ovary; 

 stem coveredl with elongated tubercles or 

 rits, rarely leafy (except when yo mg). 



Karl Schumann, in his monograph, rec- 



ognizes 21 genera, including Cereus, Pilo- 

 cereus, Cephalocereus, Phyilocactus, Epi- 

 phyllum, Echinopsls, Echinocereus, Ech- 

 inocactus. Me'ocactus, and Leuchtenber- 

 gia In this tribe, in the order named, 

 making a separate tribe for Mammiilaria, 

 Pelecyphora, and Ariocarpus. Pilocereus, 

 Cephalocereus, Echinopsis, and Echino- 

 cereus are better kept as sections of 

 Cereus; Epiphyllum as a section of Phyi- 

 locactus; Ariocarpus (Anhalonium) as a 

 section of Mammillara His other gen- 

 era are divided into 3 tribes, Rhipsalidtae, 

 of 3 genera— Pfeiff era, Harlota ard Rhip- 

 salls (best treated as one); Opuntieae, of 

 3 genera— Opuntia, Ncpalea and Pterocac- 



tus (the 2 latter of doubtful value); and 

 Peireskieae, including Peireskia and Mai- 

 huenia. 



Genus ANHALONIUM Leniaire. 



A. AREOLOSUM Lem. 



A. ASELLIFORME Web. 



A. elongatum S, is prismaticum. 



A. fissipedum Monv, is sulcatum. 



ANHALONIUM FISSURATUM E. 



Anhalonium E-ngelmanni Lemaire Cact 

 42 (1868). 



Living Rack, found in Texas and Mexico. 

 "Upper and exposed part of tubercle trian- 

 gular in outline, convex, carinate and almost 

 smooth below, convex and variousJy fissured 

 and thereby verrucosa above, sharp and cre- 

 nate on the edges." — Engelmajnn. 

 A. furfuraceum "Wat, is prismaticum. 

 A. jurdanianum Reb, is Echnocactus 



WiUamsii. 

 A. kotschoubeyanum Lem, is sulcatum. 

 A. Lewinii Hennings, is Echii.oca..tus 



Williamsii. 



A. PRISMATICUM Lem. 



S mple, top flatte ed or depressed, 

 more .arely hemisphaencal, center dense- 

 ly tjmeniose, 4-8 inches in diameter, 1-2 

 (rarely 4) inches above pround. the large 

 root 4-S inches below the surface witn 

 few coarse • brous r.;ots; tubercles tri- 

 ang lar, acute with a cartilaginous tip, 

 or obtuse, often ending in a minute de- 

 pr ssio or tomentose areola, spineless, 

 the keel often with a strong shou'der, ''-3 

 Inches ong, often as wide, axils with 

 lonar dense wool, vpper snrfdce stoo h 

 or often more or less roughened: *'owe s 

 white to rose, 1 inch long, sepals brown- 

 ish; fruite clavate, scarier ^ how-.ee 

 the Indians, or peyote (a name more 

 cor rn>nl • res ricted to Echi ocact '-; 

 Wil lams 1). The minute areolae are 

 sometimes placed on the upper su-face of 

 the tubercles near the end .or often ab- 

 sent. San Luis Potosi (Orcutt 2807), 

 where rurrerous specimens ex i b t all 

 the variations necessary to connect sev- 

 eral alleged species. The type of Wat- 

 son's Mammiilaria firfuracea was col- 

 lected at Carneros Pass, Ccahuilla (Prin- 

 gle 2580). 



A. pulviiligerum I/cm, is prismaticum. 

 A. retusum S. is prismaticum. 



ANHALONIUM RUNGEI Hildm. 



Sandy loam, in the foot of high moun- 

 tains. Coahuila (C. Runge). 

 A. SULCATUM S. 

 A. TRIGONUM Web. 

 A. turbinofirme Web. 



A. williamsii P, is Echinocactus Willi- 

 amsii Lem. 



Genus APOROCACTUS Lemaire. 



A. Baumannii Lem, is Cereus Bauman- 

 nii Lem fide KS. 



A. co'utr nus Lem, is Cereus Bau- 

 mannii fide KS. 



A. flagelliform-^' Lem, is Cereus flagelli- 

 formis Mill fide KS. 



