TRANSMISSION OF MALFORMATIONS. 191 
this litter have since had young with cleft noses, and 
the malformation seems to be well established. The 
deformity consists of a median vertical split in the 
upper lip, extending some distance between the nostrils 
and involving the hard palate (fig. 102). The ex- 
tent to which the bony portion of the palate is in- 
AN 
Sow 
Fic. 103.—The hard palate from a Dog with hare-lip, showing 
the extent to which the hard palate is involved. 
volved may be seen in fig. 103. Apart from its special 
interest the malformation is of value as showing that 
defects, arising from arrested growth during embryonic 
life, are transmitted, and this is clearly the case not only 
in connection with the lips, but with the pinna, eye, eye- 
lids, and many other parts of the body. 
It now becomes necessary to detail briefly the leading 
