UNEXPLAINED ORIGINS. 43 
—present in the negro or the Australian Bushman as in 
the civilized American; and absent in all living beings 
below man—absent in the ape or the elephant as truly as 
in the lowest mammals, the kangaroo or the duckbill. 
Its sign is language, capacity of progress, culture. All 
healthy human brains are structurally perfect ; the highest 
brute brains are structurally imperfect. The least culti- 
vated human being is susceptible of culture; a savage not 
only possesses the endowment of language but may be 
educated to appreciate the art of a Raphael or a Shake- 
speare. The brains of all other living beings are circum- 
scribed by instinct, which never progresses. The perfect 
brain thus introduces another impassable biological bar- 
rier dividing the world of life. 
However, the derivation of man from brute ancestry 
is attended ‘by another and even greater difficulty. The 
brain, after all, is but an organ, it is the organ of Mind. 
Man possesses faculties of intellect (reason, imagination, 
the artistic faculties, etc.) and, above all, a moral nature, 
which raises him far above the brute. These faculties 
could not possibly have been developed by means of 
forces resident in matter or by means of the laws which 
are made to account for the physical universe. 
The very term “evolution” implies the development of 
something that was at first involved, or essentially infold- 
ed, in that in which evolution began. In man there are 
attributes and faculties not shown by lower orders. Evo- 
lution, seeking to be consistent, answers: “It is true that 
faculties cannot be evolved out of a thing unless they ex- 
ist in a crude and undeveloped state in that thing, but 
these higher faculties do exist in the lower orders, poten- 
tially, or in a germ form and are developed and become 
operative only in the higher forms of life.” 
Evolutionists do not shrink from this application of 
their theory to the human mind. The attributes of a 
