222 PASSERES: Perching Birds 



MACGILLIVRAY WARBLER 



(680. Oporornis tolmiei) 5|m. 



Male: Head and neck bluish slaty; breast and belly yellow; 

 buck, wings, and tail olive-green. At close range lores are black, 

 upper and lower lids white-marked; chest feathers usually gray- 

 edged. 



Female: Similar to male, but head and neck much lighter, 

 chin almost white. 



Call: A distinctive, sharp "tsip," heard from rank, low 

 growth of any sort. 



TULE YELLOW-THROAT 



(681 f. Geothlypis trichas scirpicola) 5 in. 



Male: Throat and breast yellow: a black mask from ear region 

 across forehead, bordered above with ashy; wings, tail, and back 

 olive-green. 



Female: Without black mask; yellow much paler. 



Immature male: Mask smaller, partly obscured by gray tips. 



Call: A buzzing "cht." Song: "Witch'-ity, witch'-ity, witch'- 

 ity," delivered with great power and emphasis from a dense 

 thicket or tule growth. 



WESTERN YELLOW-THROAT 



(681a. Geothlypis trichas occidentalis) 5| in. 

 Like the Tule Yellow-throat, but grayer above, and yellow of 

 male under parts brighter and more extensive. These differences 

 are definite only with the bird in hand. 



LONG-TAILED CHAT 



(683a. Icteria virens longicauda) 7-| in. 



Bright yellow beloiv, except white belly; whole upper parts 

 grayish olive; white superciliary and malar stripe; black lores 

 and' cheek-stripe. Bill very heavy, for a member of the Warbler 

 family. 



His endless variety of calls, squalls, and mimicked notes of 

 other birds and mammals, often with ventriloquial effect, and 

 his amazing antics, mark him the prize clown of our avian 

 world. Easily decoyed by whistling. 



