IMPROVISED HOBBLE. 143 



pointing to the rear, at the back of the hind pastern, take 

 a few turns with the stirrup-leather round the pastern and 

 iron, and buckle up (see Fig. 70). 



Fig. 65. Double sheet bend on horse's tail. 

 THE WOODEN GAG. 



This is useful for preventing the animal from biting, and 

 also for breaking him of this objectionable habit. It may 

 be made out of a block of hard wood, five inches long and 

 two inches square, with the corners planed off, so as to form 

 an octagon in section (see Fig. 71). It may have a semi- 

 circular groove (which is not shown in this illustration), 



