144 METHODS OF HORSE-CONTROL. 



about a third of an inch broad, running down the centre of 

 each face of the octagonal, in order to make it more 

 " punishing." A hole is bored down the centre for a chain 

 which is attached to the head-stall. I use leather guards 

 on each side to prevent the animal from getting the gag out 

 of his mouth. This is a modification of Rarey's wooden 

 mouthing bit, which was a round block of wood. 



General Peat suggested to me the advisability of having 

 the gag made with sharp edges, and not round ; so as to 



Fig. 66. Pulling up horse's hind leg. 



teach the horse, by the pain inflicted on his gums, not to 

 bite. 



MAKING A HORSE LIE DOWN AND KEEPING HIM ON THE 



GROUND. 



f , For making a horse lie down, the following method, which 

 " Professor " Sample informs me was invented by the 

 American " horse-tamer " Hamilton, is the best I have seen, 

 and may be described as follows : Place on the horse a 

 surcingle which has two or three iron rings on its pad, and 

 attach a crupper to the rearmost ring. Put on the horse's 



