ACTION OF DRAWN-BACK LEG. 219 



going outside that of the fore feet. To correct this ten- 

 dency, we should, when about to turn the horse during 

 movement, slacken speed, lean back in the saddle, hold the 

 horse's head up (so as to bring the weight back), apply the 

 outward (the left if the turn is being made to the right, and 

 vice versa) drawn-back leg to the animal's side, and lean 

 the weight of the body inwards (to the side to which the 

 horse is being turned), so as to oppose the centrifugal force. 

 In order to turn the animal's head and neck in the most 

 effective manner, we should carry the right (if the turn is 

 being made to the right, and vice versa) hand away from 

 the side of the horse, as well as backwards, and raising the 

 left hand a little higher than the right (so as to bring the 

 left rein against the most flexible part of the neck), should 

 carry it across the body, so as to obtain the desired pressure 

 against the neck. We find from experience that a horse 

 will turn best, other things being equal, when the reins are 

 manipulated in the manner I have pointed out, and when 

 their tension is the same on both sides of the mouthpiece 

 which, under this condition, will have no tendency to be 

 pulled through the mouth, as might occur if one rein were 

 tight and the other slack. 



In referring here to the application of the drawn-back 

 outward leg when turning the horse, I take for granted 

 that the turn is made under ordinary conditions. If, how- 

 ever, the animal refuses to bring round his hind-quarters 

 as he does when he " runs out " at a fence, while we are 

 doing our best to " straighten " him we ought, instead of 

 using the outward (the left, if the turn be to the right) 

 leg, to apply the drawn-back inward leg, or the whip. 

 It is evident that the more the leg is drawn back (see 

 Fig. 108), the more effective will its application be in 

 bringing round the hind-quarters, or in checking their move- 

 ment in the direction of the applied leg. While sitting 



