238 JUMPING. 



Instead of its effect, we should employ that of the long reins, 

 in circling him, turning him sharply and backing him, 

 until he gives in, or until we are forced to employ stronger 

 means. Mr. John Hubert Moore, the great Irish trainer 

 of steeplechase horses, who taught me this admirable 

 method for curing refusing and other forms of jibbing, 

 considers that its efficacy is chiefly due to the punishment 



Fig. ill. Leicestershire cut and laid hedge 



inflicted on the animal's mouth and hocks. It is possible 

 that the animal which has been put through this discipline 

 may imagine that he has no power to resist the command 

 to go forward, after having been forced to turn as the 

 breaker wished. It is not, however, the act of turning 

 a jibber to the right and to the left which will overcome 

 his sulkiness, but its continued repetition ; especially 

 if the turns be made sharply. Hence, I am inclined to 

 think that the punishment theory is the right one. The 



