JUMPING WITH LONG REINS. 241 



to resist any forward pull on either cavesson or head-stall. 

 The action of the crupper leading-rein, on the contrary, 

 while leaving the head entirely free, is to make the horse 

 get his hind legs well under him. One great beauty, to 

 which I have already alluded, of the long-rein system is 

 that by it the horse's movements, as regards pace, speed, 

 and direction, are more under the control of the breaker 

 than by any other method. 

 A tendency to put too much weight on the forehand 



Fig. 113. Teaching horse to jump with long reins. 



when landing, may be corrected by the use of a bearing- 

 rein (see page 169), which will be very seldom required for 

 this purpose. 



The system of turning horses loose into a circular en- 

 closure (see page 243), fenced in and provided with obstacles, 

 and then making them jump with a long driving whip, 

 is good as far as it goes ; but neither it, nor the plan of 

 lunging with a leading rein and cavesson, has any pre- 

 tensions to teaching obedience to the reins when jumping, 

 without which a safe and clever style is unattainable. 



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