3 o6 FAULTS OF MOUTH. 



horses which, in their attempts to get away, carry their 

 heads as high as they can, prance and dance about if the 

 rider tries to make them walk, especially when their heads 

 are turned towards home, and rear on slight provocation. 



In all those forms of pulling in which " temper " plays 

 a part, the animal should, above all things, be taught that 

 he must obey. Although instruction in the aids will have 

 a general good effect on the animal's mind in rendering 

 him docile, as well as attentive to our signals, our efforts 

 in gaining the mastery will be greatly facilitated by taking 

 the " nonsense " out of the rebel by, for instance, making 

 him lie down and keeping him on the ground (see page 149), 

 or by putting him through the head and tail system (see 

 page 155). We may repeat this discipline as often as may 

 be needed, and may employ it conjointly with instruction 

 in the " aids." We should also utilise the good effect of 

 work. It is a significant fact that pullers which are put 

 to long-continued work, such as being kept out hunting 

 for, say, five or six hours, or for a still longer period in a 

 hansom cab or " growler," generally give up after a short 

 time their desire to run away, the futility of which is no 

 doubt impressed on their minds by the thought of the 

 weary hours which are before them. The good effect of 

 hunting in curing pulling may be often seen by the fact that 

 although the animal was in the early part of the day greatly 

 excited by the hounds and field ; he gets so much sobered 

 down in the afternoon, that when his head is turned home- 

 ward, he walks or trots along in more lively fashion than he 

 had previously adopted a few minutes before, when going 

 from one cover to another. To produce a salutary effect 

 on a puller by hunting, we should take him out as often as 

 possible (at least, three times a week), and should keep him 

 out as long as we can without unduly fatiguing him. 



A puller which puts too much weight on the forehand 



