> JIBBING. 311 



apparently gives in. He may then get another trial at 

 circling and turning. If he still resists, he should be put 

 down again ; and so on for three, or even four, times. 

 The change of discipline, from circling and turning, to the 

 distressing one of being made to lie down, and of being 

 kept in a very irksome position on the ground, is most 

 efficacious for the jibber, who seems to quickly recognise 

 the fact that the restraint on the ground is a punishment 

 for his misbehaviour. Having failed, after putting forth 

 all his powers of opposition, to resist this painful form of 

 coercion, he will have but little energy left to stiffen his 

 neck against a demand which is attended by no incon- 

 venience, except that of " giving in." As soon as I find, 

 on taking the jibber first in hand, that he refuses to turn 

 round to one particular side when the rein is on my driving 

 pad (see Fig. 92), I try to pull him over on his side, which 

 will generally be an easy task, and I then tie his head to 

 his tail by means of a rope or cord connecting his tail to 

 the head-stall, which I have previously put on over the 

 bridle. When I have not been able to procure a head-stall, 

 as has often happened to me in foreign countries, I have 

 improvised a halter out of a piece of rope (see page 99), 

 put it on the horse's head while he was lying down, made a 

 knot (see Fig. 20) in the part of the rope which passes 

 under the chin, so as to prevent the rope acting as a 

 running noose round the jaws, and attached the end of the 

 rope to the tail at such a length as to pull the horse's head 

 round to his shoulder. I would then keep him in this un- 

 pleasant position (see Fig. 78) until I thought he had given 

 in sufficiently, say, for twenty minutes, during which period 

 he would generally, from time to time, struggle desperately 

 to get up. His repeated failures to do so would naturally 

 impress him with the idea of his powerlessness to resist 

 my wishes. One should be very careful not to carry this 



