LIBERTY WORK. 345 



KICKING. 



A horse can be taught to kick by touching him on the 

 croup with the whip, and patting him on the neck when 

 he kicks, which he will soon learn to do, if he be that way 

 inclined, on being merely " shown " the whip. 



The tricks by which the unridable mule of circuses gets 

 rid of his would-be riders, are, generally, rearing and 

 kicking in quick succession ; followed, if necessary, by 

 lying down and rolling. He will do any or all of these 

 antics in obedience to signals given with the whip. 



KISSING. 



This is done by accustoming the horse to take some 

 coveted bit of food out of one's mouth. In teaching a 

 horse to do that part of the Dick Turpin " act," in which 

 Black Bess, while lying exhausted on the ground, turns 

 round and kisses her master before dying, the animal is 

 made to lift up her head by pricking her with a pin on the 

 shoulder. 



KNEELING DOWN. 



See " Lying down." 



LAUGHING. 



This meaningless trick is accomplished in the same way 

 as a horse is taught to shake its head, by pricking him 

 with a pin ; except that the irritation is applied to the 

 muzzle. The horse thus learns, on the signal being given, 

 to turn up his upper lip, and show his teeth. 



LIBERTY WORK. 



In a circus, horses are said to work " at liberty " when 

 they perform their " turns " loose in the ring and without 



