78 



HEREDITY AND ENVIRONMENT 



DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IN ONTO- 

 GENY AND PHYLOGENY 



ALL LIVING THINGS, IN- 

 CLUDING GERM CELLS AND 

 EMBRYOS, SHOW: 



1. Differential Sensitivity = 

 Different Responses to 



Stimuli differing in Kind 

 or Quantity. 



2. Reflex Motions 

 Relatively Simple, Auto- 

 matic Responses. 



3. Organic Memory = 

 Results of Previous Ex- 

 perience registered in 

 General Protoplasm. 



4. Adaptive Responses = 

 Results of Elimination of 



Useless Responses 

 through Trial and Error. 



5. Varied Responses 

 Dependent upon Conflict- 

 ing Stimuli and Physi- 

 ological States. 



6. Identity =: 

 Continuity of Individual 



Organization. 



MATURE FORMS OF HIGHER 

 ANIMALS SHOW: 



1. Special Senses and Sen- 



sations 



Sensations are the Ele- 

 . ments of Mind. 



2. Instincts (Inherited), 



Habits (Acquired) = 

 Complex Reflexes, involv- 

 ing Nerve Centers. 



3. Associative Memory 

 Results of Experience 



registered in Nerve Cen- 

 ters and Association 

 Tracts. 



4. Intelligence, Reason =. 

 Results of Trial and Er- 

 ror plus Associative 

 Memory, i. e. Experi- 

 ence. 



5. Inhibition, Choice, Will 

 Dependent upon Associa- 

 tive Memory, Intelli- 

 gence, Reason. 



6. Consciousness = 

 Continuity of Memory, 



Intelligence, Reason, 

 Will. 



