DOMINION OF CANADA. 



Quebec, instead of British Columbia, is now the largest province of the 

 Dominion, Ontario being second, and British Columbia third in point of 

 size. The map of Canada which forms part of this volume shows clearly the 

 present boundaries of the provinces. 



New District. 



The new district of Ontario has been named Patricia. It is bounded on 

 the west and northwest by Manitoba, on the south and southeast by the Eng- 

 lish and Albany rivers and on the east and north by James and Hudson Bays. 

 Pursuant to an Order-in-Council, dated February 20, 1912, and subject to 

 the future enactment by the Dominion Parliament of the necessary legis- 

 lation, Ontario will also possess a strip of territory five miles wide lying 

 between the district of Patricia and the Nelson River and to be located 

 within 50 miles of the Hudson Bay Coast, as well as an area half a mile 

 wide and five miles in length to be located along the south shore of the 

 Nelson River. The latter area is to be contiguous to the five mile strip, and 

 together these areas will afford ten miles of water front for harbour 

 facilities and railway terminals. The land is to be selected and designated 

 by the Ontario Government within five years from the date of the Order-in- 

 Council, 



Population of Canada. 



According to the corrected returns of the fifth census, the total popula- 

 tion on June 1, 1911, was 7,206,643, representing an increase of 1,835,328 

 since the previous census of April 1, 1901. For the period covered, the rate 

 of increase, viz., 34.17 per cent., is the largest in the world, and is due to the 

 heavy tide of immigration which set in with the beginning of the present 

 century. The countries next in order, in respect to the percentage rates of 

 increase during the same decade are: New Zealand, 3TI..^; the United States, 

 21; Germany, 15.2; Holland, 14.8; Switzerland, 13.2; Denmark, 12.6; Bel- 

 gium, 10.9; Austria, 9.3; United Kingdom, 9.1; Hungary, 8.5; Sweden, 7.5; 

 Italy and Norway, 6.8; and France, 1.6. Ontario and Quebec continue to be 

 the most largely populated of the nine provinces, the foremr having 2,523,274 

 and the latter 2,003,232 inhabitants. None of the other provinces has yet 

 reached half a million; but Saskatchewan has the third largest population 

 with 492,432. All the provinces show an increase since 1901, excepting 

 Prince Edward Island, where the population has decreased by 9,531, or 9.23 

 per cent. The Yukon and Northwest Territories, with relatively sparse popu- 

 lations, show decreases as compared with 1901. The greatest relative in- 

 crease is in the western provinces, especially in Saskatchewan and Alberta. 

 The population of Saskatchewan, 492,432, as compared with 91,279 in 1901. 

 shows an increase of 401,153, or over 439 per cent. Alberta has grown from 

 73,022 in 1901 to 374,663 in 1911, an increase of 301,641, or 413 per cent. 

 Manitoba, 455,614, shows an increase of 200,403 from 255,211, or 78.5 per 

 cent., and British Columbia, one of 213,823, or over 119 per cent., the popu- 

 lation having grown from 178,657 in 1901 to 392,480 in 1911. 



The average density of the population works out to 1.93 per square mile, 

 calculated upon the total of 3,729,665 square miles, as shown in Table 1. 

 This figure may be compared with the density per square mile of other new 

 countries, as, for instance, the United States, 30.69; the Argentine Republic, 

 5.99; the Commonwealth of Australia, 1.53; the Dominion of New Zealand, 

 9.63; and Newfoundland, 1.47. Prince Edward Island has a density of 42.91, 

 Nova Scotia of 22.98, New Brunswick of 2.61, Ontario of 9.67, Manitoba of 

 6.18, and Quebec of 5.69. The other three provinces, Saskatchewan, Alberta 

 and British Columbia are each below 2 per square mile. 



Extension of Boundaries. 



The boundaries of the provinces of Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec were 

 extended by chapters 3 2 (Manitoba), 40 (Ontario), and 4 5 (Quebec). Par- 

 ticulars of the extensions thus effected are given in the Canadian Year Book 

 of 1913. The Manitoba Act (chapter 32) contains new financial provisions 

 (sections 4 and 5), governing the annual payments to be made by the Gov- 

 ernment of Canada to the Government of Manitoba in respect of interest. 



