50 



CANADIAN FARM YEAR BOOK. 



Blackberry 



Currant 



Gooseberry 



Peach 



Pear 



Plum 



Raspberry 



Strawberry 



Distance in Planting 



Apple 



Apple (dwarf) 



Pears 



Pears (dwarf) 



Plums 



Peaches 



Cherries 



Apricots 



Nectarines 



Quinces 



Number of Plants per Acre 

 ous Distances. 

 Distance. 

 1 in. X 10 in 



1 in. X 12 in 



2 in. X 10 in 



2 in, X 12 in 



6 — 14 



20 



20 



8 — 12 



50 — 75 



20 — 25 



6 — 12 



1 — 3 



Feet. 

 30 X 40 

 lOx 15 

 20x30 

 10x15 

 16x 20 

 16 X 20 

 16x 25 

 16x20 

 16x20 

 8x14 

 at Vari- 



Plants. 

 627,279 

 522,720 

 313,632 

 261,360 



Arrangement of Orchard. 



HEXAeOMAL 



ALTEC? NiATE. 



Qujmcunx. SouA(?e 



3 in. X 12 in 174,240 



4 in. X 12 in. 130,680 



6 in. X 12 in 87,120 



12in. X 12 in 43,560 



12 in. X 15 in 34,848 



12in. X 18in 29,040 



12 in. X 24 in 21,780 



12 in. X 30 in 17,424 



12 in. X 36 in 14,520 



12 in. X 4 ft 10,890 



12 in. X 5 ft 8,712 



15 in. X 18 in 23,232 



15 in. X 2 ft 17,424 



18 in. X 20 in 17,424 



3 ft. X 5 ft 2,904 



4 ft. X 4 ft 2,722 



4 ft. X 5 ft 2,178 



5 ft. X 5 ft 1,742 



5 ft. X 6 ft 1,452 



6 ft. X 6 ft 1,210 



6 fit. X 7 ft 1,037 



6 ft. X 8 ft 907 



7 ft. X 7 ft 888 



8 ft. X 8 ft 684 



Useful Orchard Insects 



Bees — Pollenizes and indispens- 

 able to a continuance of reproduction 

 of a large percentage of plant life. 



Dragon Flies — Feed on a great va- 

 riety of injurious insects. 



Tree Crickets — Feed on plant lice. 



Groiund Beetles — In larvae and 

 adult stages feed on such insects asi 

 go underground to pupate. 



Lady Bug Beetles — Feed on plant 

 life and scale insects both in larvae 

 and adult stages. 



Wasps — Beneficial because predat- 

 ory upon other insects, some of an in- 

 jurious, destructive nature. 



Frogs and Toads — Feed almost en- 

 tirely on insects and slugs. 

 Cost of Cover Crops for Orchard 



The following figures are compara- 

 tive. The prices may vary consider- 

 ably. Lower prices may be secured 

 by buying through associations or in 

 large bulk: 

 Cow peas, 1^/^ bus. per acre at 



$3.00 per bus $4 50 



Mammoth Red Clover, 20 lbs. 



per acre at 18c 3 60 



Common Red Clover, 20 lbs. per 



acre at 17c 3 40 



Crimson Clover, 25 lbs. per 



acre at 14c 3 50 



Winter Vetch, 14 bus. per acre. 4 25 

 Spring Vetch, 1 bus. per acre. . 1 80 

 BarLey, 2 bus. per acre at 75c. 



per bus 1 50 



Peas, iy2 bus. per acre at $1.10 



per bus 1 65 



Alsike, 20 lbs. per acre at 15c. 3 00 

 Top Grafting 



Top grafting promotes hardihood in 

 apples. Varieties as McMahon, Tol- 



