LIVE STOCK. 



107 



"For some years efforts have been 

 made to discover a method of render- 

 ing cattle immune to the disease in 

 such a way as men are protected 

 from smallpox by vaccination. Up 

 to the present, these efforts have 



been only partially successful, and 

 until the methods in use have been 

 perfected by further investigations, 

 they cannot be recommended as of 

 practical use in the suppression of 

 the disease. 



Recommendations for the Eradication of the Disease 



"The following plan of procedure 

 is recommended in the case of herds 

 which have been shown, after being 

 subjected to the tuberculin test, to 

 be infected with tuberculosis. It is 

 recognized that in order to meet in- 

 dividual needs, there are several 

 points in which there are opportuni- 

 ties to change or modify the direc- 

 tions herein given. It must be under- 

 stood, however, that whenever sueh 

 changes or modifications are made 

 they should conform in the greatest 

 detail to the principles herein laid 

 down. The plan has for its purpose 

 the conservation of the herd when- 

 ever that is possible. 



"In herds which are free from in- 

 fection the preventive measures .ne- 

 cessary consist simply in keeping tu- 

 berculous animals away from the 

 sound ones; in keeping tuberculous 

 animals out of pastures, sheds or 

 stables where the sound ones may be 

 kept. It must be recognized that 

 there is a danger in exposing healthy 

 animals to infection at public sales 



should not be fed to calves, pigs or 

 other animals. Cars that have not 

 been thoroughly disinfected should 

 not be used for the transportation af 

 sound cattle. Cattle that are pur- 

 chased to go into sound herds should 

 be bought from healthy or sound 

 herds only. 



or exhibitions. Raw milk, or milk 

 by-products, from tuberculous cows 



The eradication of tuberculosis 

 from infected herds requires for con- 

 servation of the herd, different pro- 

 cedures according to the extent of 

 the infection. For a guide to the 

 control of the disease, tuberculous 

 herds may be divided into three 

 groups, namely: 



"1. Where 50 per cent, or more of 

 the animals are infected. 



"2. "Where a small percentage (15 

 per cent, or less) of the animals are 

 infected, 

 are diseased. 



"3. Where a large number (15 per 

 cent, to 50 per cent.) of the animals 

 are diseased. 



How to Proceed 



"Group 1. — Eliminate by slaughter 

 all animals giving evidence of the 

 disease on physical examination. 



"Build up an entirely new herd 

 from the offspring. The calves 

 should be separated from their dams 

 immediately after birth and raised 

 on pasteurized milk, or milk from 

 healthy cows. This new herd must 

 be kept entirely separate from any re- 

 acting animals. The young animals 

 should be tested with tuberculin at 

 about six months old, and when re- 

 actors are found at the first or any 

 subsequent test, the others should be 

 re-tested not more than six months 

 later. When there are no more re- 



actors at the six months' test, annual 

 tests should thereafter be made. All 

 reacting animals should at once be 

 separated from the new herd, and the 

 stables which they have occupied 

 thoroughly disinfected. When the 

 newly developed sound herd has be- 

 come of sufficient size, the tubercu- 

 lous herd can be eliminated by 

 slaughter, under inspection, for beef. 



"Group 2. — The reacting animals 

 should be separated from the non- 

 reacting ones and kept constantly 

 apart from them at pasture, in the 

 yards or in the stables. 



"(a) Pasture. — The reactors 

 should be kept in a separate pastura 



