194 



CANADIAN FARM YEAR BOOK. 



spice is a level spoon. 



One-half of a spoon is measured 

 by dividing through the middle 

 lengthwise. 



CANNED FOR HOME USE. 



Cocoanut matting may be cleaned 

 with a large, coarse cloth, dipped in 

 salt and water and then rubbed dry. 



Verdigris on metal can be quickly 

 removed by rubbing with a soft rag 

 dipped in ammonia. 



If a cane or willow chair or table 

 has dried out and become tightened, 

 wet it with salt water and dry it in 

 the sun. 



To clean a copper kettle, rub its 

 surface with 1 jmon and salt. Wipe 

 the surface quickly and rub with a 

 dry chamois skin. 



Kitchen Hints. 



Average quantity of nutritive mat- 

 ter in 1,000 parts of varieties of ani- 

 mal and vegetable food: — 



Cucumber 25 



Melons 30 



Turnips ., 42 



Milk 72 



Cabbage 73 



Carrots 98 



White of egg 140 



Beet root 148 



Pears 160 



Apples 170 



Haddock 180 



Gooseberries 190 



Peaches 200 



Codfish 210 



Sole 210 



Pork 240 



Cherries 250 



Veal 250 



Beef 260 



Potatoes 260 



Aprdcots 260 



Grapes 270 



Chicken 270 



Plums 290 



Mutton 290 



Tamarinds 340 



Almonds 650 



Oats 742 



Rye 792 



Rice 880 



Barley 920 



Wheat 950 



Water. 



The most commom as well as most 

 effectual method for purifying water 

 is to boil for twenty minutes. Boil- 

 ing water causes it to lose its car- 

 bonic acid, and this is the reason 

 boiled water tastes flat and Insipid. 

 By pouring the water from one vessel 

 to another, it will absorb a certain 

 amount of gases again, and thus the 

 flavor will be improved. 



Temporary hardness of water can 

 be removed by adding to the water 

 one-tenth of its volume of lime- 

 water. For washing purposes, per- 

 manent hard water may be softened 

 by adding a little sal-soda. 



For purifying water of organic mat- 

 ter, anything added that will coagu- 

 late the material will serve. Oak 

 chips, alum, and certain kinds of 

 nuts will do this. Any one of the 

 above remedies should be used to 

 purify water coming fro'm marshy 

 lands, ponds, and polluted rivers. A 

 haindful of oak chips to two galloms 

 of water, or seven grains of alum to 

 a gallon of water, will serve the pur- 

 pose. After water has been purified 

 by this method it should be filtered 

 by straining through a flannel cloth. 

 The cloth must be cleaned every day. 



If Sink Drain be Ciioked. 



Pour into sink 1-4 lb. of copperas 

 dissolved in two quarts of boiling 

 water. If the result is not successful, 

 repeat before sending for a plumber. 



To Make Gravy a Good Color. 



Brown flour makes delicious brown 

 gravies. Put flour in a pieplate and 

 set on top of the stove, or in a very 

 hot oven. It should be constantly 

 stirred until brown all through. Put 

 in jars and keep for use. 



Cider for Winter Use. 

 To keep cider sweet for mince- 

 meat, boil it down to one-half or two- 

 thirds of the original quantity and 

 seal in glass jars as you would fruit. 

 Keep Your Groceries in Tins. 



