ORCHARD AND GARDEN. 



71 



How to Make Insecticides 



Soap Washes 



Dissolve one pound of whale il soap 

 in four gallons of warm water f > black 

 or brown Aphis, and one pound i.i six 

 gallons for green Aphis. 



Another remedy for Aphis is the f I low- 

 ing. Boil 8 pounds of quassia chips in 

 ■s ^aliens ci v\ater lor an hour, dissolve 

 7 pounds of whale-oil soap in hot water, 

 strain the qua-sia decoction and mix with 

 tne scap solution then dilute to make 

 100 gallons. Spray forcibly while hot, 

 this will kill the plant-lice and not injure 

 the plants. 



Formalin 



40% solution of formaldehyde in water* 

 1 pint of commercial to 45 gals, of water. 

 Forfungus diseases. 

 Cook's Carbolic Soap Wash 



Hard soap 1 pound, or soft soap 1 quart; 

 crude carbolic add 1 pint; water (boiling) 



1 gallon. 



Dissolve the soap in the boiling water, 

 while still hot add the carbolic acid, 

 emulsify thoroughly. This is the stock 

 solution. For use, dilute with 30 to 50 

 times its bulk of water. Very effective 

 against root-maggots of cabbage, radish 

 and onion. 



Hellebore 



White hellebore (fresh) 1 ounce r water 



2 gallons. 



Pyrethrum, or Insect Powder 



Pyrethriun powder (fresh) 1 ounce; 

 water 3 gallons; of pyrethrum 1 

 ounce; flour (cheap) 5 ounces. 



Mix thoroughly, allow to stand over 

 night in a closed tin box, then dust on 

 plants through cheese cloth- 

 Kerosene Emulsion 



The following is the formula recommen- 

 ded by Dr. Fletcher, Central Experi- 

 mental Farm, Ottawa (Bulletin No. 52). 



Kerosene (coal oil) 2 gallons; rain 

 water 1 gallon; soap J4 pound. 



Boil the soap in water till all is dissolved, 

 then, while boiling hot, turn it into the 

 kerosene and turn the mixture constantly 

 and forcibly with a syringe or force pump 

 for five minutes, when it will be of a 

 smooth, creamy nature. If the emulsion 

 . is perfect, it will adhere to the surface of 

 glass without oihness. As it cools it 

 thickens into a jelly mass. This gives 

 the stock emulsion which must be diluted 

 with nine times its measure of warm 

 water before using on vegetation. The 

 above quantity of three gallons of emulsion 

 will make 30 gallons of wash. Kerosene 

 emulsion may also be made conveniently 

 by using an equal amount of sour milk 

 instead of soap and water in the above 

 formula, and churning for the same time 

 to get the stock emulsion. 



Another method is to use lime, which 

 will hold the kerosene in suspension, or 

 the foUo-vving, where lime cannot be ob- 

 tained. (From Bulletin 171, O.A.C.) 



The requisite amount of kerosene is 

 placed in a dry vessel and flour added in 

 the proportion of 8 ounces to one quart 

 of kerosene. It is then thoroughly 

 stirred and two gallons of water added for 

 every quart of kerosene; the whole is 

 then vigorously churned for frofn two to 

 four minutes, and the emulsion is ready 

 for use. It has been found that by scald- 

 ing the flour before adding the kerosene, 

 an excellent emulsion which does not 

 separate in the least after standing for a 

 week, can be prepared with 2 ounces of 

 flour, by mixing the resulting paste with 

 one quart of kerosene and emulsifying 

 with two gallons of water. 



Tobacco Wash (for destroying Aphis) — 



Soak 4 pounds of tobacco waste in 9 

 gallons of hot water for four or five hours 

 (in cold water for four or five days) 

 dissolve one pound of whale-oil soap in 

 one gallon of hot water; strain the decoc- 

 tion into the dissolved soap and apply 

 with a spray pump as' forcibly as possibly. 



