76 



CANADIAN FARM YEAR BOOK. 



Potato Flea Be«tle Potato 



Tomato Worm Tomato 



Colorado Potato Bug. . . Potato 



Leaves 



Leaves 



Leaves 



Onion Maggot Onion Leaves 



Squash Bug Melon and Leaves 



Cucumber 



White Grubs Fruit Leaves 



Grasshoppers : . . . . Vegetables of Leaves 



all kinds 



Spray with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture with or without Pari' 

 green. 



Dust with Paris Green and 

 land plaster, one pound 

 poison to twenty of plaster 



Paris green or Arseaate o^ 

 lead with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture. Spray early June. 

 Treat rows with whitewash, 

 made of lime and water, to 

 form a crust over surface. 



Treatment chiefly prevent- 

 ive; spray with Bor- 

 deaux mixture. 



Spray trees with Paris 

 Green. Appear every three 

 years. 



"Criddle mixture" sprayed 

 on parts affected 



Fertilizers and Vegetables. 



Commercial forms of nitrogen, even though expensive, can often be used 

 with profit by the vegetable grower. Nitrate of soda appears to be the most 

 satisfactory form when used in the right way. On account of its soluble con- 

 dition and the fact that plants can use it directly, it is particularly helpful in 

 forcing the growth of early spring crops. However, it must be applied in 

 proper amounts, at proper times ,and by proper methods, or serious harm to 

 the plants will almost certainly result. 



Since the amount of phosphorus contained in most soils is small, and since 

 manure is low in that element, applications of some commercial form usually 

 prove profitable. For immediate results, acid phosphate and steamed bone 

 meal are the best forms to use, but if the gardener will provide for his needs 

 two or three years in advance, he can employ the very much cheaper raw rock 

 phosphate. The phosphorus in this form is insoluble, but the large amounts 

 of manure, crop refuse, and cover crops ordinarily plowed under in vegetable 

 growing will be instrumental in changing it to soluble forms. There are even 

 some experiments on record which indicate that certain vegetable crops give 

 marked increases in yields the season immediately following its application. 



Potassium is abundant in most Canadian soils, but applications of it some- 

 times prove profitable. Sulphate of potash appears to be the most satisfactory 

 form for general use, though muriate of potash seems to give equally good re- 

 sults with some crops. Unleached wood ashes are a most satisfactory form of 

 potassium, but unfortunately the supply is limited. 



Lime benefits practically all vegetable crops and should be used in liberal 

 amounts by gardeners. Ground limestone is the cheapest form and one of the 

 most satisfactory as well. 



Finally, the land should be well drained, either naturally or artificially, and 

 an adequate system of crop rotation should be practiced. 



The factors mentioned each bear an important relation to the welfare of 

 the plant. It is only after all of them have received proper attention that 

 maximum crops of high-quality vegetables can be produced. 



