LIVE STOCK. 



101 



gives them a thrifty appearance and 

 a sleek, shiny coat. 



Beet Pulp. 



This stuff Is obtained dn large quan- 

 tities as a bye-pro(fact at beet sugar 

 factories. The carefully-cleaned beets 

 are cut into V-shaped pieces and the 

 sugar extracted. This is purified with 

 lime* and sulphur dioxide and erapor- 

 ated. Molasses is obtained as the re- 

 sidue when the sugar crystals have 

 been removed. The extracted beet 

 pulp contains SO per cent, to 90 per 

 cent, of water, and about 1 per cent, 

 to 2 per cent, sugar. It is, however, 

 fairly high in carbohydrates and has 

 about the same feeding value as beets 

 and one-half that of com silage. It 

 cannot be shipped great distances on 

 account of its high water content. It 

 is an excellent feed for dairy cows, 

 sheep and steers. One hundred pounds 

 per 1.000 lbs. body weight is sufficient 



Old and New Process Linseed. 



Linseed or oil meal is a most val 

 uable feed, properly used. It is of im 

 portance to remember that there are 

 two kinds — "Old Process" and "New 

 Process." By the former method of 

 making, the cleaned and ground seeds 

 are placed in large linen bags and 

 subjected to heavy pressure until the 

 residue forms cakes about 1 Inch 

 thick and about 13 by 32 inches. The 

 cakes are broken into small pieces or 

 ground into meal and sold as "old pro- 

 cess" linseed oil or as oil meal. 



In the new process, the flaxseed is 

 ground and heated to about 160 de- 

 grees Fahrenheit and then placed In 

 large percolaters holding about 1.000 

 bushels or more. The seed is treated 

 repeatedly with naptha till nearly all 

 the oil is dissolved. Live steam is 

 then introduced into the percolators 

 and the naptha gradually driven out 

 of the mass. The meal is transferred 

 to steamheated driers, and when 

 dried ds elevated to the meal bins and 

 sacked. The naphtha Is evaporated 

 from the oil solution and commercial 

 linseed oil remains. 



It stands to reason that the old pro- 

 cess stuff has the greater value. It is 

 preferred by stockmen because it 

 forms a jelly when mixed with warm 

 water, and because of its beneficial in- 

 fluence on the health and appearance 

 of farm animals. Owing to" its rela- 

 tively high oil content, it Is more laxa- 



tive than new process meal, which 

 contains only about 3 per cent. fat. 

 "Old process" also produces a sleek 

 coat and a thrifty appearance, en- 

 lances the appetite and makes a steer 

 of excellent handling qualities. The 

 nutritive effect of the two meals in 

 nearly similar. The old meal has 

 better value as a feed for show stock, 

 and in combination with dry feeds. 

 But with feeds of a laxative nature, 

 such as green feeds, roots, and silage, 

 or where large supplies of protein Is 

 important, as in the feeding of milch 

 cows, the new process meal may be 

 preferable. 



To test whether meal is old or new 

 process, pulverize a small quantity of 

 the meal and place a level teaspoon- 

 ful in a tumbler. Add ten teaspoon- 

 fuls of boiling water, stir and leave 

 to settle. If the meal is new process, 

 it will settle in about one hour and 

 leave about one-half the water clear 

 on top. If it Is old process, the whole 

 contents In the glass wiU remain 

 jelly-like. Linseed meal can be fed 

 safely to all classes of farm animals, 

 and is one of the most desirable stock 

 feeds available. It may be a little 

 more expensive than certain bye-pro- 

 ducts, but It can be fed to greater ad- 

 vantage in small quantities on account 

 of its medicinal qualities and its gen- 

 eral beneflcial elfect on the appetite 

 of the farm animal. 



The qualities fed depend on the pro- 

 portional cost of oil meal in compari- 

 son with other concentrates. If the 

 market price of other concentrates is 

 high and so permits of the feeding of 

 large quantities of oil meal economi- 

 cally, the following amounts can be 

 daily fed with safety: Fattening steers, 

 3 lbs.: horses, 1 l-b.; sheep and hogs, 

 fattening, 1 lb., increased toward fin- 

 ish; calves and lambs, up to one-half 

 pound. For the production of high 

 grade butter, not more than one pound 

 should be fed, as the keeping and 

 table qualities cf the butter may be 

 injured, especially if fed in conjunc- 

 tion with feeds ivith a softening ten- 

 dency. Calves are better fed bolleo 

 flaxseed, especially until they are two 

 to three months old, unless the seed 

 is too dear. Oil me<il has been fed 

 advantageously to swine as a slop, a 

 pailful being stirred into a barrel of 

 skim milk and left over the night. 

 This will form a thick, solid mass 



