148 



CANADIAN FARM YEAR BOOK. 



Navicular Disease 



Is a very senous form of lameness, 

 it con&iats of a diseased coudition of 

 tlie joint which is situated inside the 

 hoof. The symptoms consist of a stiff- 

 ness or stiltiness of gait, a tendency 

 to trail the front feet when moving 

 backwards. Horses suffeiing from this 

 form of lameness will usually, when 

 backed out of the stall trail the (bed- 

 ding back with the front feet. As the 

 disease progresses the affected foot or 

 feet will become somewhat narrow. 

 When standing the horse will ease first 

 one foot and then the other. The 

 lameness is always more noticeable 

 when ithe animal is taken out for exer- 

 cise after standing in the stall over 

 night. Exercise has a tendency to 

 limiber the patient up to a certain ex- 

 tent. 



Chronic Lamanitis. 



Is another serious disease of the 

 feet manifesting much the same symp- 

 toms as navicular disease. It con- 

 sists of a chronic Inflammation of the 

 soft tissue of the foot. Once thorough- 

 ly established it is practically incur- 

 able and reduces the value of a horse 

 very muh, rendering him almost use- 

 less for hard or fast work on hard 

 roads or pavements. • 



Corns. 



A corn is simply a bruise of the sole 

 resulting In an inflammatioii of the 



deeper seated tissues, and usually 

 found on the inside quarter of the 

 sole. This is a somewnat serious form 

 of unsoxmdness, for although it can be 

 successfully treated, it Is quite likely 

 to recur unless the foot is very care- 

 fully looked after. 



Quarter Cracks. 



A quarter crack is a crack or split 

 in the wall of the hoof, extending from 

 the shoe up to the soft tissue at the 

 top of the foot. It is always an indi- 

 cation of a weak foot, and although it 

 can usually be treated .successfully it 

 is very likely to occur again if the 

 animal is put to work on hard roads. 



String Halt. 



Is a nervous disease causing th« 

 horse to lift one or both hind feet very 

 high at each step. It is very easily 

 detected when in an advanced stage, 

 but sometimes in the early stages the 

 symptoms are very obscure. In 8us« 

 ipected cases it is well to excite the 

 animal, then make him move 1[>ack- 

 wards or move him sharply first to one 

 side and then quickly to the other, 

 when if this trouble is present it will 

 likely he detects. This disease does 

 not interfere with the usefulness of an 

 animal except in ver/ advanced cases, 

 'birt (because of the fact that it is a 

 progressive disease and likely to get 

 worse as the animal grows older, it is 

 considered a serious form of unsound- 

 ness. 



To extreme left is indicated a Quarter Crack. In centre the fissure In foot indi- 

 cates Sand Crack. To the right a bad ^ase of Acute Founder. 



Animal 



Horse 



Ox 



Sheep 



Swine 



Dog 



ANIMALS WHEN AT REST 



Pulse, per minute Respiration per Temperature Frah- 

 minute 



36 to 40 8 to 10 100» 



40 to 45 12 to 15 101" to 102.5*' 



70 to 80 12 to 20 103" 



70 to 80 10 to IS 103" 



90 to 100 15 to 20 102.5" (very 



changeable) 



