254 



CANADIAN FARM YEAR BOOK. 



Flow in Ditches and Flumes 



Velocity in feet per second, and quantity in gallons per minute. For various sizes 

 and slopes. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M, 



Velocity 

 G. P. I^, 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



1.2 

 270 



1.7 

 382 



2.4 

 540 



2.3 

 650 



1.6 



825 



2.2 

 1130 



3.1 

 1560 



3.8 

 1920 



i.i 4.4 

 742 2220 



1.9 



1725 



2.7 

 2430 



3.9 

 3510 



4.8 

 4312 



5.5 7.3 

 4950 14775 



2.6 

 S200 



3.7 

 7500 



5.2 

 10500 



6.4 

 12900 



3.2 

 1 147' 



4.5 

 ,16200 



6.4 

 22950 



7.8 

 28050 



3.7 

 52085 



5.2 

 29260 



7.4 

 41625 



4.2 4.61 5.01 5.4 

 03375 05025 07200 0975001 



5.9 

 47625 



6.5 7.11 7.7 

 71520 10200 0140250 



C Vh 



o . 



SO 



o 



is 



Va 

 Inch 



1>^ 



Inches 



3 



Inches 



4^ 

 Inches 



6 



Inches 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



Velocity 

 G. P. M. 



1.7 

 382 



2.4 

 540 



3.4 

 765 



4.1 

 915 



'4.8 6.4 

 1072 3225 



2.3 2.7 

 1162 2430 



3.2 3.9 

 1620 3510 



4.5 

 2250 



5.5 

 2775 



5.5 

 4950 



6.7 

 6037 



7.7 

 6937 



3.6 



7275 



5.1 

 10275 



7.2 

 14550 



4.4 5.0 5.6 6.2 6.8 7.3 

 15750 28125 45000 68250 97500 13750 



6.2 

 22350 



7.1 

 39750 



8.0 

 64500 



Usefiil Information — ^Water 



Doubling the diameter of a pipe increases its capacity four times. Friction o 

 liquids in pipes increases as the square of the velocity. 



The mean pressure of tiie atmosphere is usually estimated at 14.7 pounds per square 

 inch, so that with a perfect vacuum it will sustain a column of mercury 29.9 inches or a 

 column of water 33.9 feet high at sea level. 



To find the pressure in poimds per square inch of a column of water, multiply the 

 height of the column in "feet by .434, Approximately, we say that every foot elevation 

 is equal to one-half pound pressure per square inch; this allows for ordinary friction. 



To find the velocity in feet per minute necessary to discharge a given volume of 

 water in a given time, multiply the number of cubic feet of water by 144 and divide the 

 product by the area of the pipe in inches. 



To find the area of a required pipe, the volume and velocity of water being given, 

 multiply the number of cubic feet of water by 144 and divide the product by the velocity 

 in feet per minute. The area being found, it is easy to get the diameter of pipe necessary. 



