AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS. 



259 



taken from the "Census and Statistics 

 Monthly" of Januarj', 1916. 



Wheat Surplus for Export. — Official 

 calculations place the surplus of wheat 

 available for export from the crop of 1915 

 at about 264 million bushels after allowing 

 a deduction from the total estimated crop 

 of 10 per cent for loss in cleaning and for 

 non-merchantable grain and for the 

 retention of 74 >^ million bushels for food 

 and for seeding in 1916. The largest 

 quantity of wheat and wheat flour 

 previously exported from Canada in any 

 one fiscal year was 142,574,000 bushels in 

 1913-14. The quantity estimated as 

 available for export out of the crop of 

 19^15 is about 121.6 million bushels in 

 excess of this amount, and represents 

 about 70 per cent of the total estimated 

 wheat production of Canada in 1915. 

 For the first time the Canadian wheat 

 siuplus proves more than sufficient to 

 supply the annual average wheat deficit 

 of the United Kingdom, which, according 

 to British official calculations, amounts to 

 over 215 million bushels. 



Flax Fibre. — According to information 

 published by the Census and Statistics 

 Office, the area under flax grown for fibre 

 in southern Ontario during 1915 was 

 about 4,000 acres. From this area the 

 production of flax fibre was about 800 

 tons, which at the average price of 

 approximately 20 cents per lb., or $400 

 per ton, was of the total value of $320,000. 

 In addition, 80 tons of tow, at $35 per 

 ton, realised $2,800. About 30 per cent 

 of the total production of fibre is shipped 

 to Ireland, the rest being exported to 

 New England States. 



Tobacco. — The season for tobacco in 

 1915 was rather cool and very wet, par- 

 ticularly in Ontario, where the White 

 Burley crops stiffered greatly from To- 

 bacco Root Rot, Thielavia basicola. 

 However, the Virginia types, which as a 

 rule, are grown on lighter soils and on 

 ridges well drained, gave better crops than 

 in 1914, The acreage in bright tobacco 

 was also largely increased in 1915. In 

 Quebec the summer of 1915 was a little 

 cooler than usual, and in some districts 

 the weather was rather wet. The crop 

 was about normal in the northern dis- 

 tricts. In the southern districts there 

 was a little Root Rot, which materially 

 reduced the yield. Both in Quebec and 

 Ontario the autumn of 1915 was excep- 

 tionally favourable to the curing of the 

 tobacco crop in the bams. All the to- 

 baccos which were harvested in good time 

 were practically cured by the end of 

 October. Table IV gives the official 

 estimates of the acreage and yield of 



tobacco in Quebec and Ontario for each 

 of the years 1913, 1914 and 1915. 



Beetroot Sugar. — The total produc- 

 tion of refined sugar manufactured from 

 Canadian-grown beetroot was 36,838,267 

 lb. for. the sugar campaign of 1915. as 

 compared with 27,545,248 lb. in 1914. 

 The acreage and yield of the roots are 

 shown in Table I. 



Niunbers and Values of Farm Live 

 Stock, 1914 aiid 1915.— Table V shows 

 the latest estimates of the numbers of 

 farm live stock in Canada for the five 

 years 1911 to 1915. In 1914 the esti- 

 mated total values of each description 

 were as fo.llows: Horses, $371,430,000; 

 cattle $297,131,000; sheep, $14,551,000; 

 and swine, $42,418,000, or for all descrip- 

 tions an aggregate of $725,530,000. In 

 1915 the corresponding values were as 

 follows: Horses $370,378,000; cattle, 

 $315,701,000; sheep, $16,225,000; and 

 sv^-ine, $48,363,000, making- a total of 

 $750,667,000. 



Numbers of Pure Bred Live Stock in 

 Canada, 1911. — Table VI shows the num- 

 bers of pure-bred live stock in Canada, 

 according to the census of 1911. Horses 

 comprised 22 different breeds, the princi- 

 pal in point of numbers being the Clydes- 

 dale, Shire, French-Canadian, Percheron 

 and Suffolk Punch among the heavy 

 draught breeds and Thoroughbreds, Hack- 

 neys and Standard-Bred amongst the ilght 

 horses. Amongst the cattle, shorthorns 

 very largely predominated with 56,614, or 

 45 per cent of the total. Holsteins were 

 next with 23,292, then Ayrshires 17,257, 

 Jerseys 8,124, and Herefords 7,611. 

 Sheep, numbering 53,616 consisted of 14 

 named breeds. The largest numbers 

 were Shropshires 17,678, next came 

 Oxford Downs 9,127, Leicesters 8,919, 

 and Cotswolds 8,539. Swine numbering 

 56,457, consisted most largelv of York- 

 shires 27,730, Berkshires 13^89, Tam- 

 worths 4,301 and Chester Whites 4,198. 



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