28 TRANSPLANTING. 



but trees that resemble Fig. 21 have been badly dug, and those 

 are worse dug that look like Fig. 22. 



It may be often of great advantage to procure the trees when 

 they are two years old, plant them out in a nice piece of rich, 

 loamy soil, in rows four feet apart and two feet apart in the 

 row. Trees grown in this way, for a couple of years, make a 

 splendid mass of roots, can be transplanted into orchard form at 

 the owner's convenience, and are sure to live and do well. 



Low, stout-bodied trees are much better than those that are 

 tall and slender. The diameter of the trunk of a tree is of much 

 greater importance than its height. A tree that has a stout body 

 is more surely healthy and well-rooted, and will be able to 

 support a top and keep erect, while a tall, slender tree is apt to 

 have slender, tapering roots, and is often too weak-bodied to 

 sustain the top without being tied to a stake. Besides all this, 

 in some parts of the country where the cold is severe, it has been 

 ascertaiued by actual trial that stout trees, with low heads, are 

 much better able to resist the cold than those which are trained 

 high, with long, exposed trunks. We strongly urge upon planters 

 living in the colder sections of the country to select stout, low- 

 headed trees, and keep them branched low, being assured they 

 wiU be more healthy and live longer, and yield more and finer 

 fruit than when trained high. 



Trees, when received by the planter, should be kept from the 

 drying effect of the sun and wind imtil he is ready to plant them 

 out. The most convenient and effectual method is to dig a 

 trench, into which the roots are placed and covered with soiL 

 Here the trees can remain safely until it is convenient to plant 

 them. This is called heeling-in. On taking them out for 

 planting the roots should be examined, and any bruised or 

 mutilated parts pared smoothly with a sharp knife, and any 

 injured or broken branches pruned smoothly, or entirely removed. 

 In planting, the roots should be covered with a mat or old bit of 

 rug, or anything, indeed, that will keep them from getting dry. 

 Heeling in may be also practised where it is not desired to plant 



