VARIETIES OF APPLE. 71 



fruit, dwarfing its growth, impairing its flavor and causing pre- 

 mature decay. This fungus seems to be more prevalent in hot 

 and dry seasons and in the warmer parts of the Province. Those 

 who reside where the fruit is exempt from these black spots, and 

 consequently always fair and of fine flavor and appearance, could 

 make an orchard of this variety very valuable by shipping the 

 fruit to the Chicago or Xew York market, where it will command 

 ready sale at the best prices. 



Golden Russet. — English Golden Russet. — Golden Russet 

 of Western New Yorl: — This is a very valuable market fruit, 

 and has given great satisfaction to those who have planted it for 

 market purposes. The tree is sufficiently hardy to thrive well in 

 most of Ontario, and in the apple region of !N'ova Scotia ; it is 

 even more hardy than the Baldwin, and is said to flourish along 

 the St. Lawrence, in the Counties of Stormont and Glengarry. 

 It comes into bearing early, yields abundant crops of very even 

 sized fruit, and seems to flourish in all soils, especially in the rich 

 alluvial soils of the West. Considerable confusion exists in 

 regard to the variety ; there are so many Russets, and Golden 

 Russets, and English Russets, and American Russets, that it is 

 di f ficult to decide upon the precise kind intended ; but this one, 

 which is so valuable and profitable for market, may readily be 

 distinguished from all others by the very numerous white dots 

 upon the young shoots, which give them a decided speckled 

 appearance. The trees grow vigorously upright, forming spread- 

 ing and somewhat irregular heads. 



The fruit is of medium size, roundish, very uniform, covered 

 with a dull yellowish russet, somewhat bronzed on the exposed 

 side ; the flesh is often greenish white, always fine grained, firm, 

 crisp, juicy, and of a high, nuldly sub-acid, flavor; quality, "very 

 good." It is ripe in January, and keeps well untd May ; and 

 bears handling and transportation remarkably well. 



Gravenstein. — We must thank Germany for having pro- 

 duced this most excellent autumn apple, beautiful in appearance 

 and superior in quality. It has been widely disseminated, and 



