OF CELLS AND CELL-LIFE. 



127 



as granulations/ and especially in cells 

 of a cancerous or malignant character, 

 whose speedy development and no less 

 speedy degeneration are among their 

 most distinguishing features, that we 

 most frequently witness the subdivi- 

 sion of the nucleus into a considerable 

 number of parts, and the development 

 of numerous cells at one time within 

 the cavity of each parent-cell (Fig. 9). 

 The same method may often be reco'g- 

 nized, however, in the development of 

 cells within Glandular follicles; for 

 where each follicle is a single parent- 

 cell, and its nucleus remains persistent 

 as a " germinal centre," subsequently 

 to its becoming a follicle by the rup- 

 ture or thinning away of a part of its 

 cell-wall, it appears to be by the con- 

 tinual sprouting of new cells from this 

 nucleus, that the materials of the secre- 

 tion are eliminated from the blood 

 (Fig. 30). As a general rule, how- 

 ever, it may be remarked, that the 

 production of a large number of cells 

 within a single parent-cell only takes 

 place when this new brood is not to 

 form a permanent part of the organism, 

 or to be itself the originator of a sub- 

 sequent growth. It would seem, in- 

 deed, as if this rapid method of multi- 

 plication occasioned an exhaustion of 

 vital force ; so that the cells thus gene- 

 rated are incapacitated for any other 

 purpose ; whilst the comparatively slow 

 method of duplicative subdivision may 

 be repeated, time after time, to an ex- 

 tent to which it is impossible to assign 

 a limit, each pair of cells thus pro- 

 duced having an equal capacity with 

 its progenitors for going through that 

 process. 



106. There are cases, however, in 

 which cells are developed, without any 

 direct connection with pre-existing 

 cells, in the midst of a blastema or for- 

 mative fluid poured out from the blood. 

 Still, it is uncertain to what extent this 

 is to be considered as one of the ordi- 

 nary modes in which the elements of 



Fig. 8. 



L 



Section of branchial Cartilage of Tadpole of Rana, 

 paradoxa : a, fe, c, intercellular substance, with which 

 the walls of the parent-cells are incorporated ; d, single 

 nucleus; e, nucleus dividing into two; d f , e', two 

 nuclei in one cell, formed by division of single nucleus ; 

 /. secondary cell, forming around nucleus g ; h, two 

 nuclei within single secondary cell ; t, three secondary 

 cells, within one primary cell. 



Fig. 9. 



Endogenous cell-growth in cells of a Meliceritous 

 Tumor: a, cells presenting nuclei in various stages 

 of development into a new brood; 6, parent-cell, 

 completely filled with a new brood of young cells, 

 which have originated from vthe granules of the 

 nucleus. 



1 It is stated by Mr. Paget (" Lectures on the Processes of Repair and Reproduction after 

 Injuries," in the " Medical Gazette," 1849) that in granulations there are often to be found 

 large compound cells of oval form, and as much as l-250th of an inch in diameter, containing 

 eight, ten, or more nuclei, which have been derived by subdivision from the nucleus of the 

 simple cell, and which are probably destined to be the nuclei of as many separate cells. 



