70 Montreal, 



the inveterate enemies of the French, stealthily landed their 

 canoes on Montreal Island, and massacred indiscriminately^ 

 men, women and children, to the number of about 2,000. 

 It, however, was soon peopled again, and continued for a 

 long time the headquarters of the French forces in' Canada. 

 After the peace in 1763, it was surrendered to the English, 

 who held it until 1775, when it was taken by the Americans 

 under General Montgomery. In 1763 and 1766, the city 

 suffered from two severe fires, the first destroying 108 houses, 

 the other 90. In 1776 Montreal was again surrendered to 

 the British, reinforcements under General Burgoyne having 

 driven the Americans from the Province. The old fortifica- 

 tions were a substantial quadrangular stone wall, fifteen feet 

 high with battlements, having six or seven gates, and a 

 bastion and redoubt called the citadel, on what is now Dal- 

 housie Square. The name, however, now only remains^ 

 Fortification Lane having probably run at the foot of the 

 walls. The water front of the Quebec Gate barrack is 

 supposed to be built upon a part of it, and is the only portion 

 left, being, with the old barrack on Water Street, near the 

 Military Hospital, the only vestige remaining of French mili- 

 tary power in the city. St. Helen's Island has now taken the 

 place of a citadel, and being not only a strong military camp, 

 but also beautifully wooded, should be visited by the tourist 

 if possible, an order being easily obtainable on application 

 to the Military Secretary or the Town Major. 



The immediate vicinity of Montreal affords very little 

 sporting. There is pretty fair pike fishing directly after the 

 break up of the frost at St. Lambert's, opposite the city, and 

 an occasional bass and dore may be taken during the summer ; 

 but the incessant traffic of steamers, together with the 

 destruction of fish during the spawning season, has made 

 the fish very scarce. At the foot of Lachine Rapids good 

 fly fishing may be had in summer, but only for white fish 

 and chub, which rise eagerly at a fly. The Back River, eight 



