ORCUKSTID^, 27 



uiwn the palm is marked by a distinct tooth. It is in the collection 

 presented by the Admiralty, ha\'ing been taken diuing the Antarctic 

 expedition. 



Hah. Hermit Island. It was found by Dana abundant among the 

 sea- weed tlu'o\\ai np on the shores of Nassau Bay, Tcn-a del Fuego. 



17. Orchestia littorea. (Plate IV. fig. 8.) B.M. 



Orchestia littorea, Xeac7<, Edin.Encyc. vii. pi. 221. f. 6; Linn. Trans, xi. 



Desm. Cons. t. 45. f. 3. 



Edwards, Ann. dcs Sc. Nat. t. xx. ; Hist, des Crust, t. iii. p. 16. 



Gosse, Marine Zoal. p. 142, 



White, Hist, of Brit. Crust . p. 1G2. 



Spenee Bate, Si/iiapsis of Brit. Amph. in Ann. Nat. Hist. Feb. 1857. 

 Ganuiiarus littoroiis, Montagu, Linn. Trans, ix. p. 96. t. 4. f. 4. 

 Orchestia ]Montap:ui, Audouin, Expl. PI. Etjiipte, pi. 11. f. 7. 



Edu-ards, Hist, des Crust, t. iii. p. 17 ; Ann. des Sc. Nat, xx, p. 361. 

 (Not O. littorea, Rathke, Faun, der Krpn.) 



Male. — The superior antennoe reaching to the extremity of the 

 penultimate articulation of the peduncle of the lower. The first 

 pair of gnathopoda having the propodos shorter than the carpus ; 

 the dactylos reaching nearly to the extremity of the palm, where 

 there is a projecting tubercle ; the palm is concave, but slightly 

 raised at the bottom of the hollow, and fringed "with hairs ; a pro- 

 minent tubercle projects from the lower anterior extremity of the 

 caq)us. The second pair of gnathopoda in the male are large and 

 wcU developed ; the palm, slightly oblique, convex ; posteriorly 

 there is a short obtuse tooth, against which the extremity of the 

 dactylos impinges. In the adult male the carpus and meros of 

 the posterior pair of pcreiopoda are thicker, as in 0. Mediterranea. 



Length y^ths of an inch. 



Upon the upper edge of the propodos of the first pair of gnatho- 

 poda there are generally several fasciculi of hairs. Without placing 

 much stress upon them as a specific chstinction, I have found them 

 constant whenever I have counted them. In this si)ecies there are 

 six ; in TcUuris there arc but three ; in Mediterranea but one ; in 

 TrasJdana four ; in Gryllus four ; in longicornis eight ; and so on. 



This is hy far the most common of our Biitish species, and is the 

 one for wliich Dr. Leach made the generic name. It appears to 

 have been found on all the western and southern coasts of Europe. 

 Montagu first took it on the Devonshire coast ; it has been taken in 

 Ireland by Dr. Kinahan and Mr. Thompson, in France by Edwards, 

 and in Italj- by Kisso. In the Jardin dcs I'lantes are specimens sent 

 from Madeira by !M. Morelet ; and Savigny procured the specimen from 

 Egj'pt that M. Audouin named after our English ])i()necr ^fontagu. 



1 believe the original specimen Ijrought by Sa\ igny is not pre- 

 sened ; but ha\ang had an opportunity, through the kindness of 

 M. Milne-Edwards, of examining the specimens named Montagni 



