402 



INDEX 



Merrifield, temperature-oxiieiiuients with 

 Polyommalus pldwas, ii. 273 ; cold oxijeri- 

 ments with Vanessa, ii. 274. 



Meyer, Hermann, architecture of the 

 bone sjjongiosa, 246. 



Mimicry, 91 ; in beetles, bees, ants, &c., 

 116 ; in butterflies does not affect cater- 

 pillar or pupa, 104 ; in both sexes, 96 ; 

 in vertebrates, 117 ; degree of resem- 

 blance to model, 104 ; Elymnias undularis, 

 106 ; Papilio meropc, 108 ; P. tunius, no ; 

 same effect produced in different ways, 

 105 ; several imitators of one immune 

 species, lor ; species of genera which 

 need protection imitate different immune 

 models, 102 ; • rings' of mimetic species, 

 112; rarity of mimetic species, io8 ; 

 wide divergence of mimetic sjiecies 

 from tlieir congeners, 115. 



Mitosis, 288. 



Mobius, 296. 



Monism, 393. 



Monogony, 266. 



Montgomery, on reduction of the chromo- 

 somes, ii. 43. 



Morgan, experiments on regeneration, 

 ii. 15. 



Morphological characters, dependent on 

 germinal selection, ii. 132 ; discussion 

 as to indifferent characters, ii. 132, 



309- 



Mortality of multicellular organisms, 260 ; 

 causes of this, 263. 



Morton, Thomas, on degeneration in the 

 children of alcoholics, ii. 6g. 



Moths, protective coloration in, 80. 



Miiller, Fritz, scent-scales, 217 ; on mimi- 

 cry, III ; plants and ants, 171 ; relation 

 between ontogeny and phylogeny, ii. 

 160. 



Miiller, Johannes, the vision of insects, 

 216. 



Musical sense in man, ii. 148. 



Mutation theory of de Vrics, ii. 317. 



Mutilations, supposed inheritance of, ii. 



65- 



Mutual sterility, of no great importance 



in connexion with lasting variation, 

 349- 



Niigeli, Carl von, on the definite directions 

 of variations, ii. 306, 385 ; objection 

 to origin of flowers through selection, 

 198 ; on the difference in size between 

 egg and sperm, 337 ; his Hieraciton 

 experiments, ii. 272 ; Nageli's view and 

 Darwin's reconciled through germinal 

 selection, ii. 334 ; number of smallest 

 vital units in a ' moneron,' ii. 368. 



Nathusius, inbreeding experiments, ii. 

 231. 



Natural Selection, not directly observable, 

 58 ; under the influence of isolation, ii. 

 292. 



Neo-Lamarckism, 243. 



Neotaxis, ii. 40. 



Nerve-tracks in relation to instincts, ii. 



71- 

 Normal number of a species, 45. 

 Notodonta, protective coloration in, 80. 

 Nuclear division, process of, 289 ; integral 



and differential, 374, 377. 

 Nussbaum, M., regeneration-experiments 



in Protozoa, 340 ; on the continuity of 



the germ-cells, 411 ; infection of the 



ovum in Hydra, ii. 68. 

 Nutrition, influence of, on variation, ii. 



267 ; relation between nutrition and 



the number in a species, 45. 



Oken's ' Naturj^hilosophie,' 21. 



Omnipotence of selection, ii. 348. 



Ontogenesis, relation to i^hylogenesis, ii. 

 159 ; shunting back of the phyletic 

 stages in embryogenesis, ii. 176 ; con- 

 densation of phylogeny in ontogeny, 

 ii. 186. 



Orchids, fertilization of, ii. 256. 



Organs, rudimentary, ii. 226. 



Origin of flowers, see Flowers. 



Os)>orn, supposed palieontological jjroofs 

 f<u- the Lamarckian prinoijile, ii. 77. 



Ovaries. 282. 



Ovogenic detei-minants, 388. 



Ovum, maturation of. 295. 



Packard, disappearance of useless parts, 

 129. 



Palingenesis, ii. 173. 



Pandorina, reproduction of, 257, 293. 



Pangenesis, ii. 62. 



Panmixia, ii. 114. 



Papilio merioites. 108, 427 ; P. iurn:is, no. 



Parasites, power of adaptation in. ii. 384. 



Parthenogenesis, discovei-y of, 303 ; ex- 

 cejitioiialand artificial, 307 ; facultative 

 in bees, ii. 235; receptaculum seminis 

 in Cypris-species without males, 326, 

 ii. 234; advantages of, ii. 243; its effects 

 comjiared with those of inbreeding, 

 ii. 233 ; alternation of, with bisexual 

 generations (heterogony), ii. 243. 



Personal selection, indirect effects of, ii. 

 200. 



Petrunkewitsch, A., maturing divisions 

 in the ovum of the bee, 306, 336. 



Pfeft'er, role of malic acid in the fertiliza- 

 tion of ferns, 273. 



Pfliiger and Born, experiments in hybri- 

 dization, ii. 232. 



Phasmids, regeneration in, ii. 17. 



Phylloxera, reproduction in, ii. 249. 



Phylogenetic variation of butterfly and 

 caterpillar independent of each other, 

 362. 



Phj'logeny. condensation of, in ontogeny, 

 ii. 186. 



Physiologus, 11. 



Pictet, turban eyes in male Ephemerids, 

 229. 



Pigeons, breeds of, 34. 



Plants, fertilization of the higher, ii. 250 ; 



