398 EXTINCT MAMMALIA OF NORTH AMERICA. 



Figg. 9—11. Cooper : Am. Mouth. Jour. Geol. 1831, 168, 206. Anon. : Am. Jour. Sc. 1837, 

 XXXII, 377. Meyer : Palteologica 1832, 64, in part. Dekay : Nat. Hist. N.York, Zool. I, 

 1842,100. Owen: Pr. Geol. Soc. Lond. 1842,111,693; Brit. Fos. Mam. 1846, 238, 261. 

 De Blainville : Ost. Gen., Eleph. 1845, 357, PI. VIII, 6d. Geinitz : Versteinerungskunde 

 1846, 33 in part. Giebel : In part, Fauna d. Vorwelt I, 1847, 208. Gervais : Zool. Pal. 

 Fran. 1848—52, I, 187. Agassiz : Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sc. 1850, 69. Cottle : An. Mag. 

 Nat. Hist. 1852, X, 396 ; Amer. Jour. Sc. 1853, XV, 282. Pictet : Traits Pal6ont. 1853, 1, 

 284. Bronn: Leth. Geog. 1853—1856, III, 814. Richardson: Zool. Voy. Herald 1854, 11, 

 142. Anon.: Am. Jour. Sc. 1855, XIX, 132. Blake: lb. 132. Warren: Mastodon gigan- 

 teus 1855, 158, PI. 28. Falconer, in part : Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. Lond. 1857, XHI, 307 ; 

 1858, XIV, 84 ; 1865, XXI, 253 ; Nat. Hist. Rev. 1863, 43, in part. E. primogennis, Har- 

 lan : Fauna Amer. 1825, 207 ; Edinb. New Philos. Jour. 1834, XVII, 350 ; Med. Phys. Res. 

 1835, 263 ; Tr. Geol. Soc. Pa. 1835, 1, 57. Godman : Am. Nat. Hist. 1826, II, 255. Fos- 

 ter: Second An. Rep. Geol. Surv. Ohio 1838, 79. Couper: Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. 1842, 189. 

 Wylie: Amer. Jour. Sc. 1859, XXVIII, 283. Elaphus primagenius, Troost: Tr. Geol. Soc. 

 Pa. 1835, 1, 143. Elephus primiffenius, Leidy : Waile's Rep. Agric. and Geol. Mississippi, 

 1854, 286. 



Elephas .Vammonteus, Barton : Med. Phys. Jour. 1806, II, 157 ; Suppl. 1807, 168. 



Aslatich Elephant, Hayden : Geol. Essays 1820, 121. 



Mammoth, Briggs : First An. Rep. Geol. Surv. Ohio 1838, 96. Couper : Pr. Ac. Nat. Sc. 1842, 

 189, 217 ; Pr. Geol. Soc. Lond, 1843, IV, 33. 



Elephas Jnchoni, Anon. : Am. Jour. Sc. 1838, XXXIV, 358, 363, Fig. a. Mitchell : Ibid. 1864, 

 XXXVIII, 223. Falconer : Palreont. Mem. 1868, II, 239. 



Elephas Americanus, Dekay : Nat. Hist. N. York, Zool. 1842, I, 101, PI. XXXII, Fig. 2. Wool - 

 worth : Amer. Quar. Jour. Agric. 1847, VI, 31, Fig. 1. Leidy : Anc. Fauna Neb. 1853, 9; 

 Holmes' Post-plioc. Fos. S. Carolina 1860, 108, PI. XVIII. 



Megatherium, Haymond : Am. Jour. Sc. 1844, XL VI, 294. 



Elephas {Euelephaa) Colmnbi, Falconer : Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1857, XIII, 319 ; 1858, XIV, 

 84; Nat. Hist. Rev. 1863, 43, Pis. I, II; Paljeont. Mem. 1868, II, 14, 214, PI. X, Figs. 1, 2. 



Elephas (Euelephas) primigenius, Falconer : Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. 1857, XIII, 319 in part ; 

 Palreont. Mem. 1868, I, II, 14, 158—254 in pt. 



Elephas Texianus, Owen : Rep. Brit. Assoc. Leeds 1858, Address, p. 84 ; Palreontology, 2d ed., 

 1861, 395. Blake : Geologist, 1861, IV, 470 ; 1862, V, 57. 



Elephas imperator, Leidy : Proc. Ac. Nat. Sc. 1858, 10. 



Elephas (Eiielephas) imperator, Leidy : lb. 29. 



Euelephas Jacksom (Bnggs and Foster), Billings : Canad. Nat. and Geol. 1863, VIII, 135, 147, 

 Figs. 1—5 ; Geol. Surv. Canada 1863, 914, 966, 967, Figs. 495—8. 



Euelephas Columbi, Falconer : Palreont. Mem. 1868, II, 211 — 234. 



Elephas Columbi, Falconer : Ibid. 212 — 234. 



Remains, generally consisting of the least perishable part, — that is to say, teeth, — 

 have been found throughout the continent of North America. Not unfrequently 

 found in association with the more numerous and better preserved remains of the 

 Mastodon americanus. The animal was probably of earlier origin, and became earlier 

 extinct than the latter. Pliocene ? and post-pliocene. For the species I have 



