276 THE WEATHER 



tends to deflect it to b instead. The combined effect of these 

 two forces acting, at the same time, upon the air, causes 

 it to move along the path a-d to the point d. At d, it is 

 still being pushed toward / and x by air pressure, but the 

 deflecting force tends to send it to e. The combined effect of 

 these two forces sends it along the path d-s to the point s. 

 And thus it is that the air starting at a toward the center of 

 the LOW actually follows the path a-d-s-j toward the center, x. 

 This path somewhat resembles a fish-hook in shape, and, while 

 curving to the left, always passes to the right of the center of 

 the LOW because of its being deflected to the right. 



301. Left-hand Deflection in the Southern Hemisphere. 

 In the southern hemisphere the earth's rotation deflects all 

 winds toward the left. 



Exercise 62. Deflection of Winds in the Southern Hemisphere 



Carefully perform the same set of experiments as in Ex. 61, but 

 rotate the cardboard clockwise (Fig. 205). Explain the direction 

 of the southern trade winds; the return currents; the outflowing winds 

 of a southern high-pressure area; also draw 

 a figure illustrating the path of the winds in 

 a LOW of the southern hemisphere (see Fig. 

 185). 



302. Weather Types in the General 

 Circulation. Each of the several parts 

 of the general wind system has a differ- 

 ent prevailing type of weather. 



In the EQUATOBIAL CALMS, it is hot 

 and moist, with light variable winds and 

 frequent heavy showers that are often 

 accompanied by wind squalls. There 

 are no general storms. 



In the TRADES, the winds are remarkably steady in direction 

 and fairly so in force. Showers occur about islands and wind- 

 ward coasts. General storms occur only in late summer and 

 early autumn. These are called HURRICANES in the West 

 Indies, CYCLONES in the Indian Ocean, TYPHOONS off southeast 



