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There are several fruit growers in other States who believe in 

 and practise this plant breeding. Professor L. H. Bailey is 

 planting Spy as the foundation for his apple orchard. S. A. 

 Heiges uses Ben Davis for the same purpose, top -grafting on to it 

 all weaker varieties. Professor Van Deman recommends the same 

 practice, and has planted orchards in Kansas the same way. S. D. 

 Willard, in New York State, one of the largest plum growers in 

 the country, plants Lombard entirely as a stock, and top-grafts all 

 varieties on to it. George T. Powell uses Kieffer as a stock for 

 pears, and by this method Bosc, and excellent pear, but one which 

 is never recommended because of its poor straggling growth, may 

 become well known ; and so on with many varieties of all classes 

 of fruits which are poor growers. 



There are certain varieties which never make good trees, and no 

 ;amount of care or manuring will remedy the defect ; the only 

 remedy is double working give them a good foundation. There 

 are other varieties that are said to be more or less self-sterile, and 

 which need to be planted in the near proximity to other varieties. 

 Give these more vigour and strength and the chances are they will 

 also become better bearers." 



