52 



gallons. Each gallon of this preparation contains, after thorough 

 stirring, two pounds of lime. 



When it is desired to make Bordeaux mixture of the 50-gallon 

 formula it is only necessary to measure out 3 gallons of the 

 stock copper solution, and after thorough stirring, 2 gallons of 

 the stock lime ; dilute each to 25 gallons, mix, stir and test 

 as already described. One test will be sufficient in this case. 

 In other words, it will not be necessary to test each lot of 

 Bordeaux mixture made from the stock preparations, provided 

 the first lot is perfect and no change is made in the quantities of 

 the materials used. Special care should be taken to see that the 

 lime milk is stirred thoroughly each time before applying. As a 

 final precaution it will be well to keep both the stock copper 

 sulphate and the stock lime tightly covered. 



The Bordeaux Mixture can be applied safely at any time, and 

 we think if one is able to get on the job the first application 

 should be made before the blossoming period. As it must be 

 remembered that fungicides are not a cure, but a jjreventaiive 

 arresting the germination of the spores, therefore early application 

 is necessary. The spraying can safely be continued through the 

 blossoming period we find three or four sprayings sufficient to 

 retain our foliage in a healthy condition and apply every two or three 

 weeks from the date of the first application, a good deal of course 

 depending on whether we get rains or riot. Meanwhile we can 

 assure growers that we had our own trees, particularly prunes and 

 domestic plums, bare of foliage in the middle of March in 1898, 

 whereas in 1899 they were in full foliage a month later this 

 result we put down entirely to the use of Bordeaux Mixture. 



Lime, Sulphur and Salt is also a thoroughly effective fungicide, 

 and we can recommend it with confidence in the East and North, 

 where the Winter is almost always fine, and where when the 

 work is well done it should remain on the tree during the winter. 

 It must never be used except when the tree is quite dormant, or it 

 will kill off the trees. Besides being a fungicide it is a sure cure 

 for the white scale of the peach, a disease very prevalent through- 

 out Africa; also effiacious against other scales, in fact it is the best 

 cure for the white scale we know of and also for curl leaf in 

 Peaches. 



The following formula and directions, if properly carried out, 

 will produce an effective solution : 



Unslacked lime 4 > pounds I Stock salt 15 pounds 



Sulphur 20 pounds | Water to make 60 gallons. 



DIRECTIONS. Place 10 pounds of lime and 20 pounds of sul- 

 phur in a boiler with 20 gals, of water, and boil over a brisk fire 

 for not less than one hour and a half, or until the sulphur is 

 thoroughly dissolved. When this takes place the mixture Avill be 

 of an amber colour. Next place in a cask 30 pounds of unslacked 

 lime, pouring over it enough hot water to thoroughly slack it, 

 and while it is boiling add the 15 Ibs. of salt. When this is 



