42 EFFECT OF INDICATIONS. [CHAP. 



some one is within reach of his heels. The jerk causes 

 him to throw up his head, and he cannot without 

 difficulty raise his croupe at the same time. But except 

 to save life or limb supposing no one within reach 

 hold your hands high, and pull severely, hut smoothly; 

 do not jerk. This will in general he sufficient to prevent 

 his kicking, hut it is hetter that your horse should 

 occasionally kick than that he should always go as stiff as 

 a stake, which is the inevitable result of jerking. 



To keep the horse when in movement to a collected 



pace, the opposite indications of urging and retaining him 



Collect the must be continued. This working together of the hands 



horse to 



turn. an( j } e g s an( j fa e p 0wer of making the horse collect 

 himself are also most essential in turning. A horse 

 should never be turned without being made to collect 

 himself without being retained by the hands, and urged 

 by the legs, as well as guided by both. That is, in 

 turning to the right both hands should retain him, and 

 the right guide him by being felt the strongest, 

 both legs should urge him, and the left guide him 



