CHIN A. 

 104 



as thofe in the fore, the plates Merc returned to be altered (which 

 was done) quite to the tafte of the Cbinefe, The mountain 

 fcenery is magnificent; the adions or furprifes cruel and fan- 

 guinary ; the fortified places, and little wooden forts, exadly re- 

 prefented, with ^ arious fpecimens of the art military of thefe 

 diftant Afiaiks. I obferved the BaBrian or two bunched camel 

 much in ufe, carrying fwivel guns on their backs, which were 

 difcharged at the fugitives climbing up the fteeps of the moun- 

 tains. This work confifl:s of fixteen very large prints, finely en- 

 graven. The copies in Europe zvq rare; ten thoufand pounds 

 were allowed for the execution. 

 Artillery. The ufe of artillery was not known among the Chinefe till the 



arrival of the Europeans. The firfl: cannon they ever law, were 

 three, fent as a prefent to the emperor, by the Portuguefe of 

 Macao, in 1621. Thefe were afterwards ufed againft xheTartars^ 

 who came in fwarms to the great wall, but terrified by the 

 daughter made among them by thefe novel machines of war, 

 they never approached it more. 

 Gunpowder. GUNPOWDER was invented in Europe by a monk; the firft 



cannon ever caft in China, were the woik of a Jefuir, Father 

 Adam Schaal, by order of the emperor; the next of the father 

 VcrbieJI, the great ornament of the order ; he firft caft a hundred 

 and thirty, and after that three hundred and twenty. They 

 were tried in the prefence of the emperor, who fo greatly ap" 

 proved the fervices of Ferbiejf, that he loaded him with honors. 

 The Jefuits, in return, fixed on a day for bleffing his labors i 

 drelfed in his religious habit, he nine times proftrated himfelf, 

 and beat his forehead againft the ground. He had previoufly 



fixed 



