i6a 



Second Wall. 



LlAU-TONG. 



CHINA, 



inacccnable, yet the fears of the Chlneje nrgetl them to prolong 

 their defence even over the fides or fummits of thefe alps, 

 which direa its courfe, according to the nature of the country, 

 over deep valHes or level plains. In a certain tradl a great trench 

 is cut to fupply the place of the wall; and on the banks of the 

 fierce river JVbang-bo, or the yellow, are feries of fentry-boxes, 

 fillc.1 with foldiers, who keep watch night and day. As the wall 

 mull: in its courfe pafs over various great rivers, arches or bridges, 

 of a ftupendous height and ftrength, are thrown over them. 



Later emperors, to give greater fecurity to their capital, have 

 built a fecond wall, at fome diftance from Peking, as ftrong as 

 the firft: It is called the great inner wall, and unites wnth the 

 other by IVen-ivha-fu. Near it is a city wdiich rifes and falls with 

 the form of the mountain it is built on, and amazes the fpedtatoi-s 

 with the boldnefs of the fi:ru61:ure. 



The length of the wall, in a ftrait line, is feven or eight hun- 

 dred miles, and allowing for the windings, for the afcents over 

 the craggy mountains, or defcent into the deep vallies, may be 

 eftimated at double that length. Yet what may juftly excite our 

 admiration is, that this ftupendous work was faid to have been 

 completed in the fpace of five years. In this empire of obedience 

 every power was exerted to perform the commands of their 

 common father, ilTued forth for the common fecurity. 



Immediately beyond this bulwark begins the country of 

 the antient Liau-tong, or part of that of the Mancbew Tartars, 

 tlie laft conquerors of China, and who gave the prefent imperial 

 family to the throne. The gulph oi Liau-tong runs deeply into 

 the north of the country from the foot of the Cbinefe wall. This 

 ^^, territory 



