LKP1D0P IERA. 403 



There arc two fulvous spots in the di seal-cell of the front 



wing (Fig. 475). 



The larvae feed upon nettle {Urtica) ; they are gregarious 

 in their early stages. This species occurs. in the northern 

 portions of the United States and in Canada. 



The Mourning-cloak, Euvanessa antiopa (Eu-va-nes'sa 

 an-ti'o-pa). — The wings above are purplish brown, with a 

 broad yellow border on the outer margin sprinkled with 

 brown, and a submarginal row of blue spots. The upper 

 surface is represented by Figure 476, the lower by Plate VI, 

 Fig. 5- 



The larvae live on willow, elm, poplar, and Celtis ; they 

 are gregarious, and often strip large branches of their 

 leaves. The species is usually two-brooded. " This butter- 



Fig. 476. — Euvanessa antiopa. 



fly is apparently distributed over the entire breadth of the 

 Northern Hemisphere below the Arctic Circle as far as the 

 thirtieth parallel of latitude " (Scudder). 



The Compton Tortoise, Eugonia j-album (Eu-go'ni-a j-al'- 

 bum). — This butterfly (Fig. 477) resembles in its general 

 appearance those of the genus Polygonia, but it is sharply dis- 

 tinguished from them by the inner margin of the fore wings 

 being nearly straight, by the heavier markings of the fore 



