608 THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



E. Borders of the mesoscutum intervening between the pro- 

 notum and the tegulae (Fig. 738) ; ovipositor issuing be- 

 fore the apex of the abdomen, p. 628 CHALCIDIDjE. 



EE. Pronotum extending to the tegulae (Fig. 739) ; oviposi- 

 tor issuing from the apex of the abdomen, p. 630. 



PrOCTOTRUPIDjE. 



DD. Fore wings with several closed cells, or at least with a 

 closed or nearly closed marginal or submarginal cell.* 



E. Fore wings without a stigma, p. 615 Cynipid^E. 



EE. Fore wings with a stigma. 



F. Fore wing with the vein between cells Vi and 1st V» 

 wanting (Fig. 740). 



G. Veins I — 1 1 1 of the fore wing consolidated from the 



base of the wing to the stigma, p. 625 . . Braconid,e. 



GG. Base of fore wing with a cell between veins I and 



III. p. 624 StephanidjE. 



FF. Fore wing with cells Vi and 1st V 2 separate (Fig. 741). 



G. Veins I — 1 1 1 of fore wing consolidated from the base 



of the wing to the stigma, p. 621 . ..IchneumoniDjE. 



GG. Base of fore wing with a cell between veins I and 



III. p. 62 I TRIGONALIDjE. 



AA. Trochanters of the posterior legs, consisting each of a single 

 segment (Fig. 737, a) ; caudal end of body in female usually fur- 

 nished with a sting. (Suborder Aculeata.) 

 B. Fore wing with no closed submarginal cells. 

 C. Abdomen long; antennae long, not elbowed, threadlike ; body 



smooth and polished, black, p. 631 Pelecinid^E. 



CC. Abdomen but little longer than the head and thorax; an- 

 tennae short, elbowed ; body adorned with metallic colors, and 



often coarsely and deeply sculptured. 632 Chrvsidid^e. 



BB. Fore wing with at least one closed submarginal cell. 



C. First abdominal segment, and sometimes the second also, 

 forming a lens-shaped scale or knot (Fig. 742); base of front 



wing not protected by a tegula. p. 633 FoRMICINA. 



CC Basal part of abdomen without a knot. 



D. First segment of posterior tarsi cylindrical and naked, or 

 with but little hair; hairs clothing thorax simple. 

 E. Wings not plated when at rest. p. 644 SPHECINA. 



* Very rarely the wings are without closed cells in some Evaniidae and 

 Braconidae. 



