502 'A MANUAL OF ANATOMY 



annular ligament. The lower band of the lambdoid ligament 

 is a comparatively weak structure which passes to the inner 

 border of the foot, where it joins partly the plantar fascia and 

 partly the lower border of the internal annular ligament. The 

 tendons of the extensor proprius hallucis and tibialis anticus 

 both pass underneath it. There are thus three distinct synovial 

 sheaths in connection with the lambdoid ligament — one for the 

 extensor longus digitorum and peroneus tertius, one for the extensor 

 proprius hallucis, and one for the tibialis anticus, the latter being 

 continuous with that which invests the tendon beneath the superior 

 annular ligament. The dorsalis pedis artery, with its venae comites, 

 and the dorsalis pedis nerve pass underneath or behind both bands 

 of the fundiform ligament. 



Internal Aspect of the Leg. 



The internal surface of the tibia, except at its upper end, is sub- 

 cutaneous. The deep fascia is here very thin, and is intimately 

 incorporated with the periosteum. The structures met with on 

 this aspect are the long saphenous vein and nerve, the posterior 

 division of the internal cutaneous nerve, and the superficial 

 branch of the anastomotica magna artery. The long saphenous 

 vein lies about a finger's breadth from the internal border of the 

 tibia, and it receives many tributaries from the anterior and posterior 

 aspects of the leg. The long saphenous nerve lies immediately 

 behind it. The posterior division of the internal cutaneous 

 nerve is confined to the upper half of the inner aspect of the leg, 

 and the superficial branch of the anastomotica magna artery 

 ramifies in the upper third. At the upper end of the internal surface 

 of the tibia the tendons of insertion of the sartorius, gracilis, and 

 semitendinosus are met with, as well as the internal lateral ligament 

 of the knee-joint. Proceeding in a direction backwards from the 

 tubercle of the tibia to the internal border of the bone, the relation 

 of these structures is as follows : (i) tendon of the sartorius ; 

 (2) tendons of the gracilis and semitendinosus in the same vertical line, 

 the gracilis being the higher of the two, and both being under cover of 

 the sartorius ; and (3) the internal lateral ligament of the knee-joint. 

 The tendons of the gracilis and semitendinosus cross the internal 

 lateral ligament in a forward direction, and are separated from 

 it and the subjacent bone by a bursa, which furnishes an expansion 

 to separate them from the more superficially placed sartorius. 

 The portion of the internal lateral ligament met with in this region is 

 a long, flat, expanded band, attached to the internal border, and 

 adjacent portion of the internal surface, of the tibia, upon which 

 it descends for fully 3 inches. The inffrior internal articular 

 artery passes transversely forwards underneath it, below the internal 

 tuberosity of the tibia ; and beneath the posterior border of the 

 ligament the chief tendon of the semimembranosus passes to be 

 inserted into the horizontal groove on the posterior surface of the 

 internal tuberosity. 



