646 A MANUAL OF ANATOMY 



moses with the following arteries : (a) the cremasteric branch of the deep 

 epigastric, in crossing the spermatic cord, that branch being represented 

 in the female by the artery of the round ligament of the uterus ; {b) its 

 fellow of the opposite side ; (c) the inferior or deep external pudic ; and 

 {d) the dorsalis penis. 



The venaj comites of this artery terminate in one vessel which joins the 

 long saphenous vein. 



The superficial epigastric artery arises from the common femoral about 

 ^ inch below Poupart's ligament. Having pierced the crural sheath and 

 cribriform fascia, or the outer border of the saphenous opening, it turns 

 upwards over Poupart's ligament a little to the inner side of the centre, 

 and then ascends in the abdominal integument as high as the level of the 

 umbilicus. As it turns upwards it supplies branches to the inguinal glands, 

 and on the abdominal wall it anastomoses with branches of the deep epi- 

 gastric artery. 



There are at first two venaj comites with this artery, but these eventually 

 join to form one vessel which terminates in the long saphenous vein. The 

 radicles of these venae comites communicate \tith the following vessels : 

 the parumbilical veins in the region of the umbilicus, which lie on the surface 

 of the round ligament of the liver, and communicate with the branches of 

 the vena porta; ; the inferior or long thoracic and subscapular veins, upon 

 the side of the thorax, which are tributaries of the axillary vein ; and the 

 superior epigastric veins, which are tributaries of the internal mammary 

 veins. In the superficial epigastric vein and its tributaries the blood can 

 flow in either direction. The anastomoses of the tributaries of the vein 

 explain why they become engorged- in cases of portal obstruction and obstruc- 

 tion of the inferior vena cava. 



The superficial circumflex iliac artery often arises in common with 

 the superficial epigastric from the common femoral about \ inch below 

 Poupart's ligament. Having pierced the crural sheath and the outer border 

 of the saphenous opening, it passes outwards below the outer part of 

 Poupart's ligament to the anterior part of the iliac crest, where it is distri- 

 buted to the adjacent abdominal integument. In its course it gives branches 

 to the iliacus and sartorius muscles and the outer inguinal glands, and it 

 anastomoses with {a) the deep circumflex iliac of the external iliac, and 

 (b) the gluteal of the internal iliac. 



The vein corresponding to this artery terminates in the long saphenous 

 vein. 



The anterior cutaneous arteries are derived from the deep and superior 

 epigastric arteries. They emerge through the anterior wall of the sheath of 

 the rectus abdominis in an irregular manner, and accompany more or less 

 closely the anterior cutaneous nerves. 



The veins corresponding to these arteries terminate in the deep and 

 superior epigastric veins. 



The lateral cutaneous arteries are branches of the lower five aortic inter- 

 costal and subcostal arteries, and they emerge with the lateral cutaneous 

 nerves between the serrations of the external oblique muscle in the mid- 

 axillary line. 



The veins corresponding to these arteries are tributaries of the lower five 

 intercostal and subcostal veins. 



Superficial Lymphatics. — The superficial lymphatics helow the 

 level of the umbilicus accompany the superficial epigastric vessels, 

 and terminate in the inguinal glands. Those above the level of 

 the umbilicus pass to the axillary glands. The superficial lymphatics 

 of the lateral abdominal wall terminate in two ways. Some accom- 

 pany the superficial circumflex iliac vessels, and terminate in the 

 inguinal glands ; others accompany the abdominal branches of the 

 lumbar arteries, and terminate in the deeply-]:)laced lateral group 



