I "8 A MANUAL OF ANATOMY 



glossal nerve ; the two sides are formed by the tendon of the 

 digastric, which is here disposed in the form of a V ; and the floor is 

 formed by the hyo-glossus muscle. The artery lies under cover 

 of that muscle, and rests upon the middle constrictor of the 

 pharynx. 



Third Part. — Near the anterior border of the hyo-glossus muscle 

 the lingual artery describes another sharp bend in an upward 

 direction, and ascends almost vertically to the under surface of the 

 tongue, resting upon the genio-hyo-glossus, and being under cover 

 of the anterior border of the hyo-glossus. Having reached the 

 tongue, the artery passes forwards on its under surface in a tortuous 

 manner, under the name of the ranine artery. 



Branches. — ^These are as follows : 



1. Suprahyoid. 3. Sublingual. 



2. Dorsalis linguae. 4. Ranine. 



The suprahyoid artery arises from the lingual at the posterior 

 border of the hyo-glossus, and passes inwards along the upper border 

 of the hyoid bone to supply the adjacent structures. At the 

 median line it anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side, and 

 with the infrahyoid branch of the superior thyroid of the same 

 side. 



The dorsalis linguce artery arises under cover of the hyo-glossus 

 muscle, which it pierces, and so reaches the posterior third of the 

 dorsum of the tongue. It is distributed to the mucous membrane 

 and substance of the tongue, the tonsil, and the soft palate, and it 

 anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side. 



The sublingual artery arises close to the anterior border of the 

 hyo-glossus muscle. It supplies the sublingual gland, the adjacent 

 muscles, and the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth. One 

 of the lateral branches anastomoses at the median line with a corre- 

 sponding branch of the opposite artery, and another of them is 

 loiown as the artery of the frenum lingua. 



The ranine artery is the terminal part of the lingual. It passes 

 forwards on the under surface of the tongue, lying immediately 

 external to the insertion of the genio-hyo-glossus, between it and 

 the inferior lingualis. It is more or less embedded in the substance 

 of the tongue, and its course is tortuous in adaptation to the mobility 

 of the organ to which it is so intimately related. Towards the tip of 

 the tongue the vessel is very superficially placed, lying close by the 

 side of the frenum linguae, and it anastomoses with its fellow of the 

 opposite side near the tip. Elsewhere the cross anastomoses are un- 

 important. The ranine artery furnishes branches freely to the 

 substance of the tongue. Its close relation to the frenum linguae is 

 to be carefully noted in connection with the operation for relief of 

 tongue-tied children. 



The lingual veins are as follows : (i) the ranine vein, which 

 is of large size, commences under the tip of the tongue, and passes 



