OF THE SKIN. 



109 



Fig. 47. 



1'" square of the vola Fi s- 4G - 



manus, 81 compound, 

 or 150 to 200 smaller 

 papi/ tee), and disposed 

 with tolerable regu- 

 larity in two principal 

 series, each of which 

 has 2 to 5 papilla? in 

 the transverse direction, placed 

 upon linear elevations, ~ to j" 

 broad, by ^ to 5" high, — the 

 ridges of the corium. The course 

 of these ridges is visible, even ex- 

 ternally in the epidermis, and 

 therefore needs no further de- 

 scription. Elsewhere the papilla 

 are more irregularly scattered, 

 either very close together, as in 

 the labia minora, the clitoris, the 

 penis, and the nipple, or somewhat 

 more widely apart, as upon the 

 extremities, with the exception of 

 the places named, on the scrotum, 

 the neck, chest, abdomen, and 

 back. 



The size of the papilla varies considerably ; the shortest, 

 ^ to ~", occur in the face, especially upon the eyelids, brow, 

 nose, cheeks, and chin, where they are even wholly wanting, or 

 are replaced by a network of depressed ridges ; next upon the 



Fig. 46. Compound papillae of the surface of the hand, with two, three, and four 

 points, x 60 : a, base of a papilla? ; bb, their separate processes ; cc, processes of 

 papillae whose base is not visible. 



Fig. 47. Horizontal section of the skin of the heel through the apices of the 

 papillae of one entire and two half ridges, x 60. The serial arrangement of the 

 papillae corresponding with the ridges of the cutis, is obvious, a, Horny layer of 

 the epidermis between the ridges, which from their undulating course are cut through 

 in making a section through the points of the papillae, b, stratum Malpighii of the 

 epidermis, c, Papillae which are placed in more than two rows ; since, however, 

 many of them are always seated upon a common base, there are, so to say, only two 

 rows of compound papillae present, d, stratum Malpighii between the papillae 

 belonging to a common base, which, because it has a less thickness, here appears 

 somewhat clearer, e, Sweat canals. 



