476 SPECIAL HISTOLOGY. 



rami pharyngei, as 1 to 6 — 10. All these fine fibres are very far 

 from being derived from the sympathetic, as they occur in 

 preponderating quantity even in the roots of the vagus, and 

 are also numerous in the laryngeus superior. Many of them, 

 moreover, may be nothing more than attenuated or originally 

 finer ganglion-fibres, as they are termed, arising in the ganglia 

 of the vagus itself, and which likewise I should not refer 

 to the sympathetic. With respect to the terminations of 

 the vagus, reference must be made below to the proper places. 

 The n. accessorius Willisii, although perhaps also in part 

 sensitive, has no nerve-cells, and in its distribution and termi- 

 nation, so far as is known, presents nothing peculiar. 



[Terminal loops within the trunks of nerves had been 

 already noticed by Gerber, and have lately been described 

 by Valentin in the vagus (pectoral portion) of the Mouse and 

 Shrew-mouse, but without their expressing any opinion with 

 respect to their signification. Still more mysterious are the 

 nervous filaments seen by Remak and Bochdalek, coming out 

 from, and again re-entering the brain.] 



§ 123. 



Ganglionic Nerves. — Under this name, perhaps, is most 

 suitably designated the n. sympathicus, as it is termed, — the 

 sympathetic or vegetative nervous system, — as it presupposes no 

 physiological hypothesis, but simply expresses the fact, which, 

 anatomically, is most apparent to the eye. The ganglionic 

 nerves are neither a wholly independent part of the nervous 

 system (Reil, Bichat), nor a mere section of the cerebro-spinal 

 nerves; but on the one hand, from the very numerous fine 

 nerve-fibres originating in their ganglia — ganglion-fibres of the 

 sympathetic, — form an independent system; whilst on the 

 other, they are also connected with the spinal cord and 

 brain, owing to their receiving a smaller number of fibres of 

 the other nerves. LTpon comparing the ganglionic nerves with 

 the cerebro-spinal, we find, that the former, as they are con- 

 stituted from a double source, in a certain respect undoubtedly 

 resemble the latter, which are also formed from ganglionic 

 fibres of the spinal ganglia, and from others proceeding from 

 the cord; but they differ, particularly in this respect, that they 



