EXERCISE 107 



OUTLINE FOR THE STUDY OF COMMON FLOWERING 



PLANTS 



Materials. The plants should be collected in the field by the 

 pupils if that is possible. One object of the work should be to 

 secure an acquaintance with the plants of the neighborhood. The 

 amount of this work must be adjusted by the teacher to the time 

 available. Do not use for these studies rare plants or those in 

 danger of extermination. 



Directions for work. Study each plant systematically and 

 describe it carefully, noting particularly the distinguishing 

 characteristics. 



1. General appearance in the field: herb, vine, shrub, tree. 



2. Stem : woody or herbaceous ; character of internal struc- 

 ture; height; character of branching; peculiarities of buds, bark, 

 etc., that might assist in identification. 



3. Root system, so far as you are able to learn about it. 



4. Leaves: arrangement, size, form, venation. 



5. Flowers: arrangement, color, form. 



6. Calyx and corolla. 



7. Stamens. 



8. Pistil and fruit. 



9. Pollination: manner of pollination and characteristics 

 that might assist in securing cross-pollination ; observed visits 

 of insects etc. ; means of preventing self-pollination. 



10. Seeds and seed dispersal; record of field observations 

 on dispersal. 



11. Name : to be secured by the aid of manuals and floras. 



References 



BERGEN and CALDWELL. Practical Botany, chap, xx, review chaps. 



iii-ix. 



BERGEN and CALDWELL. Introduction to Botany, chap, xviii, review 

 chaps, ii-xiii. 



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