xiv CONTENTS 



Formation of Aminoacids in the Animal Body. Acetylizing 

 Processes in the Animal Body. Alkylation. Detoxification by 

 Sulphuric Acid and Sulphur-containing Rests. Conjugation 

 with Glycocpll and Ornithin. Uraminoacids. Behavior of 

 Stereoisomeric Substances in the Body. 



XX. NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS. FASTING. PARENTERAL NUTRITION 482 

 Nutritional Requirements. Amount of Food. Metabolic Mini- 

 mum. Protein Minimum. Relation Between Protein Require- 

 ment and Total Energy Requirement. Vegetarianism. Mechan- 

 ical Preparation of Vegetable Food. Nitrogen Balance. Tissue 

 Protein and Circulating Protein. Specific-Dynamic Action of 

 Protein. Physiological Value of Various Proteins. Heterospe- 

 cific and Homospecific Proteins. Food Composed of Simple Sub- 

 stances. Velocity of Protein Catabolism. Metabolism in Fast- 

 ing. How Long May Hunger and Thirst be Endured? Loss of 

 Weight of the Organs. Total Metabolism in Inanition. Protein 

 Economics in Inanition. Carbohydrate Metabolism. Urine in 

 Inanition. Respiratory Quotient. Hibernation. Rhine Sal- 

 mon; Batrachian Larvae. Sensation of Hunger. Parenteral 

 Introduction of Protein. Parenteral Feeding with Sugar. 

 Parenteral Feeding with Fat. 



XXI. TECHNIC OF STUDY OF GAS EXCHANGE. MAINTENANCE METABOL- 

 ISM AND GROWTH. ENERGY EXCHANGE FROM INGESTION OF FOOD 514 

 Methods of Gas Exchange Studies. Pettenkofer Type of Res- 

 piration Apparatus. Regnault and Reiset Type of Respiration 

 Apparatus. Respiration Calorimeter of Atwater and Benedict. 

 Method of Zuntz and Geppert. Other Methods. Question of 

 Part Taken by Elemental Nitrogen and Hydrogen in Metabol- 

 ism. Maintenance Exchange and Growth. Significance of Sur- 

 face Development and Volume of Body Protein. Energy Cal- 

 culation in Infancy. Laws of Growth. Energy Exchange after 

 Ingestion of Food. Physiological Utilization Value. Range of 

 Metabolic Increase. Work of Digestion. Specific-Dynamic 

 Effect of Proteins. 



XXII. OXIDATION FERMENTS 534 



Theory of Action of Oxidases. Peroxidases and Oxygenases. 

 Sources of Error in Study of Peroxidases. Iodine Reaction. Oxi- 

 dation of Formic Acid. Purpurogallin Method. Phenolphtha- 

 lin Method. Leucomalachite-green Methods. Measurement 

 of Oxygen Consumption. Limit of Availability of Above Meth- 

 ods. Peroxidase-like Action of Haemoglobin. Chemico-Legal 

 Detection of Blood by Means of Peroxidase Reactions. Res- 

 piratory Coloring Substances. Artificial Peroxidases. Doubt 

 as to the Ferment Character of Peroxidases. Indophenoloxi- 

 dases. Purin Oxidases. Aldehydases. Summary. 



XXIII. CATALASES. TISSUE RESPIRATION 556 



Catalases. Definition of Catalases. Demonstration. Deter- 

 mination of Activity of Catalase Preparations. Physiological 

 Significance of Catalases. Tissue Respiration. Cardinal and 

 Accessory Respiration. Reducing Tissue Components. Oxygen 

 Consumption in the Blood. Living and Dead Protein. Meth- 

 ods of Study of the Respiration of Isolated Organs. Barcroft 

 and Haldane Blood Gas Analysis. Cohnheim's Respiration 

 Apparatus for Isolated Organs. Thunberg's Microrespirometer. 

 Gas Interchange of Muscle. Oxygen Requirement of Nervous 

 .Tissue. Gas Interchange of Salivary Glands. Gas Exchange 

 in the Liver and Kidney. Gas Exchange in the Intestine. An- 

 oxybiotic Processes. 



